That ‘poor law was law’ is a fact that has slipped from the consciousness of historians of welfare in England and Wales, and in North America. Welfare's Forgotten Past remedies this situation by tracing the history of the legal right of the settled poor to relief when destitute. Poor law was not simply local custom, but consisted of legal rights, duties and obligations that went beyond social altruism. This legal ‘truth’ is, however, still ignored or rejected by some historians, and thus ‘lost’ to social welfare policy-makers. This forgetting or minimising of a legal, enforceable right to relief has not only led to a misunderstanding of welfare’s past; it has also contributed to the stigmatisation of poverty, and the emergence and persistence of the idea that its relief is a 'gift' from the state. Documenting the history and the effects of this forgetting, whilst also providing a ‘legal’ history of welfare, Lorie Charlesworth argues that it is timely for social policy-makers and reformists – in Britain, the United States and elsewhere – to reconsider an alternative welfare model, based on the more positive, legal aspects of welfare’s 400-year legal history.

A study of English policies toward the poor from the 1600s to the present, showing how clients and officials negotiated welfare settlements.

First published in 1854, this comprehensive work charts over three volumes the history of poor relief in England from the Saxon period through to the establishment of the Poor Law Amendment Act in 1834 and its reception. This edition, updated in 1898, also includes a biography of the author, Sir George Nicholls. Volume III examines poor relief from 1834 to 1898. This set of books will be of interest to those studying the history of the British welfare state and social policy.

Reprint of the final edition containing revisions made by the author and a biography, along with the supplementary volume by Thomas Mackay. Nicholls [1781-1865] was a pioneering poor-law reformer and administrator. While Great Britain's Poor Law Commissioner he drafted the Irish Poor-Law Act (1832). One of the first to assert that relief bred a culture of dependency and a resistance to work, he advocated the abolition of relief except as a last resort. In addition to the present study he wrote A History of the Scotch Poor Law (1856) and A History of the Irish Poor Law (1856), both of which are available in reprint editions by The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. Like his other studies, this one relates the evolution of poor laws since the medieval era to economic, social and political history. Notably sophisticated works, they were held in high regard by Sir Leslie Stephen and F.W. Maitland.