For the past century, economic analysis has been wedded to the idea of equilibrium, in spite of the evident fact that most economic relationships are in flux. The theory of transformational growth in this work replaces equilibrium with history. The role of the market is not to allocate resources, but to generate innovations, which are "selected" by competition in an evolutionary process. These innovations in turn change the way markets work and how they adjust, thus creating new problems and new kinds of pressures to innovate. The core relationships provide the foundations for a theory of monetary circulation, which makes possible a revised Keynesian approach, based on Classical foundations.

This book examines the concept of Transformational Growth from a number of different historical and geographical perspectives. Transformational Growth sees the economy as an evolving system in which the market selects and finances innovations, changing the character of costs and affecting the pattern of market adjustment. This creates the possibility that markets will work differently in particular historical periods. This book explores market adjustments in two distinct historical periods, 1870-1914 and 1945-the present. The book focuses on six countries: USA, United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, Japan and Argentina. In all cases the earlier period, dominated by craft-based technologies, proves to be the one in which markets adjust through a weakly stabilising price mechanism. By contrast, in the later period, in all cases, with the exception of Argentina, there is no evidence of such a price mechanism, but in its place can be seen a multiplier-accelerator process which, arguably, reflects a change of technology to mass-production.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of Keynes' contributions to macroeconomics and offers an in-depth analysis of the contested legacy of The General Theory, a book that marked the emergence of modern macroeconomics from the earlier heritage of monetary theory and business cycle and analysis.

In this book, Davide Gualerzi employs the concept of transformational growth to explore the investment-driven cycle of expansion of the 1990s in the US economy, and of the of role played by the ICT sector. The book articulates a view of demand-led growth in which the focus is on effective demand, the composition of the growth process and the link between changing composition and expansion.

Growth, Distribution, and Effective Demand presents original essays on a variety of topics in theoretical and applied economics. The book honors the work of Edward J. Nell and develops interconnected themes that run through the modern Post-Keynesian tradition. The first part deals with the fundamental idea that economic growth is demand-driven, with special attention to policy ramifications. The second theme concerns the connection between economic growth and the structural characteristics of a market economy. These issues are closely linked to a critical tradition that calls into question key elements in orthodox economics. The final part of the book aims to buttress non-orthodox approaches to growth and distribution by critiquing particular aspects of the conventional theory, by elaborating neglected themes in non-orthodox theory, or by exploring some overlooked methodological ideas.

Mainstream Growth Economists and Capital Theorists provides a historical survey and ideal introduction to modern economics, arguing that due to significant changes in recent years, a re-evaluation is in order. Marin Muzhani presents an informed study of the debates regarding economic growth and development that began in the 1930s in response to the Great Depression. He argues that in the wake of that crisis, the challenge for economists was to understand how to generate stable economic growth in order to prevent future crises. The theories of John Maynard Keynes, in particular, sought to explain the reasons for unemployment and recessions, paving the way for the field of macroeconomics and challenging the basic premises of neoclassical economics. In the late 1930s and 1940s, economists began to extend Keynes' ideas, synthesizing them with neoclassical ideas in order to explain economic growth. This "neoclassical synthesis" would dominate mainstream macroeconomic thought for the next forty years until the mid-1980s with the introduction of endogenous growth theories. Taking into account the historical background, the multitude of interpretations of modern growth models, and the geography of mainstream economists, Mainstream Growth Economists and Capital Theorists will simplify the structure of growth theory for the next generation of economists.

In this compelling new book, Michael E. Raynor, coauthor of the national bestseller The Innovator’s Solution, shows that Disruption, Clayton M. Christensen’s landmark theory that explains how fringe ideas come to redefine entire markets, not only explains why new businesses emerge and mature companies fall – it actually helps to predict the future success of new ventures more accurately. Raynor’s groundbreaking research, and deeper understanding of the mechanisms and drivers of Disruption make this approach to innovation more powerful and more useful than ever. Despite the groaning shelves of books offering advice on innovation, most managers continue to struggle to create the profitable growth their companies need. The reason? The vast majority of management theories base their prescriptions on explanations of the past. When it comes to predicting successful innovation, a willingness to apply the empirical and theoretical rigor of the scientific method to prove what will work in the real world has been notable by its absence. Until now. In the Innovator’s Manifesto, Michael E. Raynor, a director at Deloitte Consulting, LLP., coauthor of The Innovator’s Solution, and author of The Strategy Paradox, shows how Disruption theory can help managers more accurately predict which businesses will survive – and which will die. In fact, Raynor argues that Disruption theory is the only theory which has been statistically proven to be an effective predictive tool. The book draws on the research of the New Business Initiatives (NBI) group at Intel, analyzing forty-eight new ventures that NBI researched, scrutinized, and ultimately funded. The group’s success rate was comparable to venture capitalists throughout the industry – roughly 10 percent. However, when the principles of Disruption theory were applied to these forty-eight funded ventures in controlled experiments, the subjects’ accuracy rates improved significantly – by almost 40 percent. Raynor replicated these experiments with over 300 MBA students at schools in the United States and Canada, including Harvard, with even more impressive results: systematic improvements in predictive accuracy of up to 50 percent. In other words, not only is disruption effective, it can be readily and successfully taught and applied. The Innovator’s Manifesto is the most significant advance in our understanding of the mechanisms and implications of Disruption theory since Christensen’s seminal 1997 work, The Innovator’s Dilemma. For the first time disruption theory has been shown to give managers and investors effective tools they can use in their efforts to create the success they seek.