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This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Excerpt from The Encyclopaedia of Municipal and Sanitary Engineering: A Handy Working Guide in All Matters Connected With Municipal and Sanitary Engineering and Administration In the present day the constant addition to the duties and responsibilities of local authorities imposes upon them many new departments of work, and at the same time intensifies existing powers and obligations in all matters of municipal and sanitary engineering. It has thus become well-nigh impossible for those interested in local administration to keep themselves informed, even in general outline, on the many and varied subjects to which attention is now demanded by the State. The requisite information can only be gained by the expenditure of time, labour, and money in searching through a mass of literature mainly in the form of papers and reports. For the first time such information is presented in dictionary form, convenient for immediate reference. To further facilitate this, the longer articles are divided into sections, the order of which, as well as the pith and scope of the article, being shown by a brief index at the head. Acts of Parliament affecting the various subjects dealt with are quoted when necessary, and a careful system of cross-referencing has been followed in order that the reader may rapidly acquire information on the cognate aspects of a subject. The work has been prepared by many leading experts, whose experience in the matters with which they deal is well known; but the information has been gathered from all parts of the world, and the Editors tender cordial thanks to all those engineers and local authorities who have so readily placed the results of practical experience at their disposal. The Editors desire to record the assistance they have received from Mr. G. Cadogan Rothery and Mr. C. F. Twenty in planning and editing "The Encyclopaedia." About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works."