The quality of financial sector supervision has emerged as a key issue from the financial crisis. While most countries operated broadly under the same regulatory standards, differences emerged in supervisory approaches. The international response to this crisis has focused on the need for more and better regulations (e.g., in areas such as bank capital, liquidity and provisioning) and on developing a framework to address systemic risks, but there has been less discussion of how supervision itself could be strengthened. The IMF's work in assessing compliance with financial sector standards over the past decade in member countries suggests that while progress is being made in putting regulation in place, work remains to be done in many countries to strengthen supervision. How can this enhanced supervision be achieved? Based on an examination of lessons from the crisis and the findings of these assessments of countries' compliance with financial standards, the paper identifies the following key elements of good supervision-that it is intrusive, skeptical, proactive, comprehensive, adaptive, and conclusive. To achieve these elements, the "ability" to supervise, which requires appropriate resources, authority, organization and constructive working relationships with other agencies must be complemented by the "will" to act. Supervisors must be willing and empowered to take timely and effective action, to intrude on decision-making, to question common wisdom, and to take unpopular decisions. Developing this "will to act" is a more difficult task and requires that supervisors have a clear and unambiguous mandate, operational independence coupled with accountability, skilled staff, and a relationship with industry that avoids "regulatory capture." These essential elements of good supervision need to be given as much attention as the regulatory reforms that are being contemplated at both national and international levels. Indeed, only if supervision is strengthened can we hope to effectively deliver on the challenging-but crucial-regulatory reform agenda. For this to happen, society must stand with supervisors as they play their role as naysayers in times of exuberance.

This volume is a collection of essays dealing primarily with supervision by international organizations of, on the one hand, state behaviour and, on the other, the conduct of the organizations themselves. The first is termed external supervision, the second internal supervision. An extensive range of international organizations is covered, among them the ILO, the IMF, GATT and the United Nations.

This book provides an in-depth analysis of the effectiveness of legal protection in the composite procedures in place within the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM), established to ensure an effective prudential banking supervision within the euro area. This system, in which the European Central Bank and national prudential banking supervisors closely cooperate, results in a far-reaching shared administration entailing supervisory decisions based on complex composite administrative procedures which involve both EU and national legal orders. The current system of legal protection seems not yet fully-fledged to the reality of increasingly far-reaching forms of shared administration for the implementation of EU law. This book addresses the tension between ensuring effective supervision, by means of a shared administration, and ensuring effective legal protection in composite administrative procedures. To arrive at a meaningful discussion of the SSM's far-reaching shared administration, it categorizes the composite procedures in place within the SSM in such a way that other shared administrations in fields of law such as the European Structural Funds, fisheries, and the Single Resolut

Containing ten years of experience, this complete "seminar in a book" includes success tips for supervisors, and "hands-on, real-world" activities that teach the many and varied skills necessary for success in today's workplace. It develops individuals who know not only about supervision, but who know how to supervise. Chapter topics cover leadership, facilitating change, communication, ethics, motivation, decision making and problem solving, performance appraisal, employee complaints, workplace violence, legal issues, training, health and safety, staffing, and team building and teamwork. For supervisors, team leaders, and work coaches--for on-the-job training, business and industry seminars, and distance learning.

Clinical supervision (CS) is emerging as the crucible in which counselors acquire knowledge and skills for the substance abuse (SA) treatment profession, providing a bridge between the classroom and the clinic. Supervision is necessary in the SA treatment field to improve client care, develop the professionalism of clinical personnel, and maintain ethical standards. Contents of this report: (1) CS and Prof¿l. Develop. of the SA Counselor: Basic info. about CS in the SA treatment field; Presents the ¿how to¿ of CS.; (2) An Implementation Guide for Admin.; Will help admin. understand the benefits and rationale behind providing CS for their program¿s SA counselors. Provides tools for making the tasks assoc. with implementing a CS system easier. Illustrations.

The financial crisis prompted financial supervisors to take a critical look at their own performance. The "toolkit" available to supervisors is considerably more varied than it was a few years ago. Supervision has become more forward-looking, taking into account also soft controls, such as ‘conduct and culture’, corporate governance, and business models of financial institutions. This collection of essays discusses several significant changes in supervision methods and supervisory organisations and examines what methods contribute to ‘good supervision’ and what can reasonably be expected of supervisors. The authors are experts in the field and most of them are affiliated to organisations responsible for financial supervision.