Doody Rating : 4 stars : This book is created by a collaboration of surgeons all over the world. The primary purpose of this book is collecting the available information about alignment and to combine the different opinions about this topic in one book. Today's technology offers us a helping hand to perform better during surgery and to find the anatomical landmarks in a more consistent way. The book contains many pictures about the different surgical systems and offers many tips and tricks related to the subject. The authors discuss alignment and the anatomical landmarks used to align knee pro.

This open access book describes and illustrates the surgical techniques, implants, and technologies used for the purpose of personalized implantation of hip and knee components. This new and flourishing treatment philosophy offers important benefits over conventional systematic techniques, including component positioning appropriate to individual anatomy, improved surgical reproducibility and prosthetic performance, and a reduction in complications. The techniques described in the book aim to reproduce patients’ native anatomy and physiological joint laxity, thereby improving the prosthetic hip/knee kinematics and functional outcomes in the quest of the forgotten joint. They include kinematically aligned total knee/total hip arthroplasty, partial knee replacement, and hip resurfacing. The relevance of available and emerging technological tools for these personalized approaches is also explained, with coverage of, for example, robotics, computer-assisted surgery, and augmented reality. Contributions from surgeons who are considered world leaders in diverse fields of this novel surgical philosophy make this open access book will invaluable to a wide readership, from trainees at all levels to consultants practicing lower limb surgery

The varus knee has a group of bone and ligament abnormalities that must be addressed to correct the deformity. The mechanical axis of the femur is tilted medially relative to the long axis of the tibia. The distal femoral surface usually remains in valgus alignment to the long axis of the femur. Most of the varus deformity is caused by deficiency in the medial tibial plateau. The deep and superficial medial collateral ligaments are contracted and deformed by osteophytes.

Pathological conditions affecting the hip and knee joints occupy a particular place amongst the important orthopaedic entities affect ing the extremities. On the one hand they are relatively frequent and on the other they mean for the patient limitation of his ability to walk, because of their considerable detrimental effects. A purposeful basic treatment of these joint diseases (and here osteoarthritis takes pride of place) is only possible if it stems from a reliable biomechanical analysis of the normal and pathological stressing of the joint in question. Whilst the situation in the hip can be considered to be fundamentally clarified, a comprehensive representation of the knee is still lacking, particularly when taking into account the latest knowledge of biomechanics. Recently our concepts of the kinematics of the knee have been completely changed, but the clinically important question of articular stressing remains unanswered. Dr. Maquet has carried out pioneer work in this field for some years in adapting, by analogy, to the knee joint principles already accepted for the hip joint. Since the knee is not a ball and socket joint, a complicated problem arises for which new thoughts are necessary. The results of the numerous operations carried out by Dr. Maquet according to the biomechanical considerations demon strate that his thinking is fundamentally correct. Above all, it is here again proven (as earlier in the case of the hip) that healing of osteoarthritis depends decisively on reducing and evenly dis tributing joint pressure.

Chitranjan S. Ranawat This book describes the principles and tech This can be explained by the fact that knee niques of knee arthroplasty, with contri arthroplasty requires implantation of the butions by multiple authors. Most of the ex knee joint into the correct mechanical axis perience has been gained with the use of of the leg with soft tissue balance to provide total-condylar knee arthroplasty by the vari stability. The patellofemoral joint replace ous contributors. Other types of knee ment and its alignment in relation to the mechanical axis of the body are important implants discussed are unicondylar and pos for stability and fixation of the patella. In terior cruciate-preserving prostheses. For revision surgery, the Total-Condylar III the past 4 years the importance of thickness prosthesis is described. Controversial topics of high density polyethylene, bone prepara such as preservation of the posterior cruciate tion, and cement penetration into the can ligament, unicompartmental replacement cellous bone to achieve an optimal bone-ce arthroplasty, metal-backed component, po ment composite for a durable arthroplasty rous ingrowth, and patellofemoral joint re has been clarified. These modifications have placement are discussed at length. Compli improved the technique and quality of fixa cations of the operation are also included. tion of knee arthroplasty to such a level that The total-condylar knee, both because of it is safe to predict that knee arthroplasty design and surgical technique, has been the will be more durable than hip arthroplasty preferred implant for knee arthroplasty in as presently done [1].