This paper is an accompaniment to the FAO study, The Agricultural Sectors in the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs): Analysis. Building on the results of that study, this paper outlines key types of support developing countries will require to effectively implement and report on their agricultural sector commitments, and ultimately scale up ambition in the coming years.

189 countries have submitted their Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) and/or their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to the UNFCCC. With the Paris Agreement having entered into force in November 2016, the INDCs/ NDCs will guide country-level climate action for the coming years. They include not only targets, but also concrete strategies for climate change mitigation and adaptation. FAO has analyzed the INDCs/ NDCs to assess the role of agriculture and land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) and the agriculture sectors (crops, livestock, fisheries and aquaculture, as well as forestry) in meeting national mitigation contributions and adaptation objectives, respectively. The results show that in all regions, these sectors will play a pivotal role in accomplishing the intended contributions and objectives for addressing the causes of and increasing resilience to climate change by 2030 and beyond. This INDCs analysis report provides an overview on how the agriculture sectors have been included in the INDCs/ NDCs. It outlines mitigation contributions with a particular focus on agriculture and LULUCF, vulnerabilities under climate change and priority areas and/or activities for adaptation in the agriculture sectors. Furthermore, this report summarizes information provided in the INDCs/ NDCs on Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA), mitigation-adaptation co-benefits and how countries have developed their INDCs and are planning to implement their NDCs. The aim of this analysis is to provide a basis for identifying priorities for international support for climate action in the agriculture sectors.

This paper presents a sector-specific framework for better understanding the role of the AFOLU sector in the nationally determined contributions (NDCs) at the country and aggregate level. It is designed to facilitate the stocktaking and analysis of national climate change mitigation and adaptation priorities, barriers to implementation and support needs specific to the AFOLU sector in order to inform country programming and guide the flow of external support. It can also be used at the country-level to facilitate NDC enhancement and encourage compliance with the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) of the Paris Agreement. As such, it is directed at national policy makers sitting in ministries of environment, agriculture, finance and social planning, as well as at international and non-governmental organizations, development agencies and banks and finance institutions. To date, the framework has been adopted by FAO to conduct a series of regional-level analysis of the role of the AFOLU sector in the NDCs.

This report provides a unique, sector-specific synthesis of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) from Latin America. It summarizes the substantial contributions already put forward by countries, opportunities for further action and the gaps, barriers and needs that will need to be addressed if the agriculture and land use sectors in Latin America are to raise mitigation and adaptation ambitions. The findings of this report will help member countries to reflect on their progress in advancing toward NDC priorities for agriculture and associated national climate goals including related targets under the SDGs. The analysis also helps to clarify the links between the NDCs from the region and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR). Finally, the report serves as a guide to FAO, as well as other international actors, for the support that will be required to help countries in the region to move forward to implement agriculture and land use sector priorities in their NDCs and ensure that future commitments from the agriculture sector are quantifiable, verifiable and sufficiently ambitious.

This paper identifies potential “climate action-sustainable development pathways” spanning 17 major agricultural climate action categories and the 17 SDG targets. The aim of this mapping exercise is to explore the extent to which the two agendas are aligned for the prioritization of those climate actions that have the potential to co-deliver on the Paris Agreement and 2030 Agenda. As the window of opportunity is closing to bridge the emission gap and adapt to climate change before it is too late, the inter-linked and mutually reinforcing climate and sustainable development agendas present a natural. framework for designing policies that leverage synergies between both. While the Paris Agreement and SDGs are generally planned and implemented in silos, their intersection in the agriculture sectors highlights an opportunity for integrated implementation. The methodological framework presented in this document attempts to facilitate the identification of policy and investment entry-points in the agriculture sectors that can accelerate progress across both agendas in tandem. The analysis aims to push national policy makers and decision makers, as well as international negotiators and global agenda setters, towards an integrated approach to climate action and sustainable development, particularly in the agriculture sectors, upon which 80 percent of the world’s poor and most vulnerable depend for their livelihoods.

This report provides a unique, sector-specific synthesis of the nationally determined contributions (NDCs) submitted by countries in sub-Saharan Africa. It summarizes the substantial contributions already put forward by countries, opportunities for further action, and the gaps, barriers, and needs that will need to be addressed if the agriculture and land-use sectors in sub-Saharan Africa are to raise mitigation and adaptation ambitions. The findings of this report will help FAO Members to reflect on their progress in advancing toward NDC implementation of their agriculture and land-use priorities, as well as illustrate potential areas for enhancing mitigation and adaptation ambition in future NDCs. The analysis also helps to clarify the links between the NDCs from the region and the 2030 Agenda and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR). Finally, the report serves as a guide to FAO, and other organizations in the region, to design targeted, evidenced-based support programmes that support Member Countries to fill current implementation gaps and scale up climate action in the agriculture and land-use sectors.

The main objective of this report is to provide a synthesis of the climate change mitigation and adaptation priorities in the agriculture and land use sectors set forth in the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) of countries in the Pacific and to identify opportunities for governments to strengthen their sectoral mitigation and adaptation ambitions, capture synergies and accelerate progress on the sustainable development agenda.