The intent of this review is to obtain a better understanding of the nature of technology transfer, especially as such involves wood utilization research and development. More pointedly, the review seeks to gain a better understanding of the (1) conceptual frameworks explaining technology transfer and the factors that such frameworks suggest as important to the use of knowledge provided by research, (2) public and private organizations that sponsor efforts to transfer technologies provided by research, and (3) conditions necessary for the effective transfer of technologies provided by research, especially those conditions called to mind by experienced researchers and research program managers.

This thesis details steps of the knowledge utilization process which are applicable to individuals and organizations and develops a model of an organization in which the process takes place. Elements of four categories (INPUT RESOURCES, ORGANIZATION, OUTPUTS and ENVIRONMENT) are analyzed to determine the characteristics that influence the use and transfer of knowledge. Models show the interrelationships between characteristics that describe each element and are combined into an integrated model of the organization to show the relationships between elements. The author concludes that three resources, individuals, knowledge and time, are critical to the organization and the knowledge utilization process. 'Used' in both planning and production, they result in organizational output that may satisfy a need in the organization's environment. Because time is the limiting resource, planning (assessing the interrelationships, alternatives and consequences) is important in effectively managing the use of other resources and should precede individual and organizational activity. (Author).

This thesis details steps of the knowledge utilization process which are applicable to individuals and organizations and develops a model of an organization in which the process takes place. Elements of four categories (INPUT RESOURCES, ORGANIZATION, OUTPUTS and ENVIRONMENT) are analyzed to determine the characteristics that influence the use and transfer of knowledge. Models show the interrelationships between characteristics that describe each element and are combined into an integrated model of the organization to show the relationships between elements. The author concludes that three resources, individuals, knowledge and time, are critical to the organization and the knowledge utilization process. 'Used' in both planning and production, they result in organizational output that may satisfy a need in the organization's environment. Because time is the limiting resource, planning (assessing the interrelationships, alternatives and consequences) is important in effectively managing the use of other resources and should precede individual and organizational activity. (Author).

Across the world there is growing awareness of the importance of innovation and knowledge transfer. Innovation in the sense of generating new knowledge and making better use of existing knowledge, coupled with knowledge transfer and sharing paradigms, have never been more relevant to the universities, industry, commerce and the third sector. This volume represents the proceedings of the Innovation through Knowledge Transfer 2012 Conference which formed an excellent opportunity to disseminate, share and discuss the impact of innovation, knowledge sharing, enterprise and entrepreneurship. The volume contains papers presented at a Workshop on ‘The Meta Transfer of Knowledge: Challenges in the Transfer of Knowledge in Industry’, others from thematic sessions on ‘Next-Practice in University Based Open Innovation’, ‘Social Innovation and Related Paradigms’, ‘Engagement with Industry and Commerce’ and ‘Knowledge Exchange’. All papers were thoroughly reviewed by referees knowledgeable in practical and theoretical aspects of the subject.