Det 10. symposium i en serie af Internationale Puggwash Symposier er organiseret af udvalget for Puggwash konferencerne for "Science and World Affairs". Bogen indeholder de enkelte oplæg samt de efterfølgende diskussioner, med hovedvægt på den teknologiske udvikling indenfor våbenproduktion, især i forhold til antiballistiske missilforsvar.

The impact of information technology in the field of military decision making is superficially less visible than that of a number of other weapon developments, though its importance has grown steadily since the beginning of the 1980s. Owing to its potential role in modern weapon systems and the prospect of its inclusion as an essential ingredient in many military projects such as the Strategic Defence Initiative, it has become the focus of special interest and efforts. This book is the first attempt to present a broad overview of the prospects for information technology in general, and machine intelligence in particular, in the context of international security. The dangers and promises of weapon and arms control applications of computers and artificial intelligence to decision-making processes are analysed in a technical, strategic, and political perspective by experts from six different countries. In an introductory chapter, Allan Din presents a generic overview of artificial intelligence and its prospects. Thirteen contributors then discuss the conceptual and technical framework of artificial intelligence, analyse implications for weapon systems and strategy, and discuss possible applications to arms control verification and modelling.

Of proceedings / Herbert M. Levine -- New technologies and new weapons systems / Kosta Tsipis -- Can conventional new technologies and new tactics replace tactical nuclear weapons in Europe? / Jorma K. Miettinen -- International political economy of proliferation / Steven J. Baker -- Arms limitation and security policies required to minimise the proliferation of nuclear weapons / Enid C.B. Schoettle -- Anglo-American nuclear relationship : proliferatroy or anti-proliferatory? / David Carlton -- Proliferation : sophisticated weapons and revolutionary options -- the sub-state perspective / J. Bowyer Bell -- Arms and politics : old issues, new perceptions / Michael Nacht -- Different approach to arms control -- reciprocal unilateral restraint / Herbert Scoville, Jr. -- New approach to strategic arms limitation and reduction / William Epstein -- Strategic arms limitation and military strategic concepts / M.A. Milstein -- Nuclear testing -- no end in sight? / Thomas A. Halsted -- Reconnaissance satellites and the arms race / Herbert F. York -- Realities of arms control : the cruise missile case / Robert A. Nalewajek -- Diffusion of economic and military power and its impact on the Middle East Conflict / Mario'n Mushkat -- Fallacy of thinking conventionally about nuclear weapons / Hans J. Morgenthau -- All at sea? A critique of the American strategic force structure / Peter King -- Function of military power / B.V.A. Roling -- 116 wars in 30 years / Istvan Kende -- Role of arms in capitalist economies : the process of overdevelopment and underdevelopment / Mary Kaldor -- Economic and technological prerequisites for achieving political and military stability / Tom Stonier.

Arms Control, Once A Keystone Of The American Foreign Policy, Has Fallen Out Of Favour With Many U.S. Policy Makers. Yet, It Is Needed More Than Ever, Although In A Different Form. Levi And O Hanlon Underscore That Future Arms Control Must Have Clear Priorities And Focus On Proliferation Of The Most Dangerous Technologies To The Most Dangerous Actors. It Must Also Provide Early Warning Of Violations, Partly To Allow Coercive Action (And Perhaps Even Military Force) To Be Considered In The Event Of Such Violations. Rather Than Hold Our The Fanciful Prospect Of Nuclear Abolition, As An Incentive For Non-Nuclear States To Forgo Nuclear Weapons, It Should Offer Security Guarantees To A Growing Collective Security Community Of Democratic, Peaceful States. (Published In Collaboration With Brookings Institution Press )

Arms control, for decades at the core of the foreign policy consensus, today is among the more contentious issues in American politics. It is pilloried and considered out of mode in many conservative quarters, while being viewed as nearly sacrosanct in many liberal circles. In this new book, Michael Levi and Michael O'Hanlon argue that neither the left nor the right has a correct view of the proper utility of arms control in the age of terror. Arms control in the traditional sense--lengthy treaties to limit nuclear and other military competitions among the great powers--is no longer particularly useful. Nor should arms control be pursued as a means to the end of constraining the power of nations or of promoting global government. It is still a critical tool, though, for controlling dangerous technologies, particularly those that, in the hands of hostile states or terrorist organizations, could cause massive death and destruction. Arms control and coercive action, including military force, must be integrated into an overall strategy for preventing proliferation, now more than ever before. Arms control should be used to gain earlier warning of illicit activities inside dangerous states, allowing the international community to take coercive action in a timely way. The authors propose three new criteria to guide future arms control efforts, designed to respond to today's geopolitical realities. Arms control must focus on the dangers of catastrophic technology, not so much in the hands of major powers as of small states and terrorist groups. Their criteria lead to a natural focus on nuclear and biological technologies. Much tougher measures to prevent countries from gaining nuclear weapons technoloty while purportedly complying with the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and procedures for controlling dangerous biological technologies will be most prominent in this framework, while lower priority is giben to efforts such as bilateral nuclear accords and most t