It was a time when the Umayyad Empire was aggressively expanding their jurisdiction. Finally, they reached the borders of Africa and Europe — a border separated by the narrow strip of a strait. The first commander to cross these straits and set foot on European soil was none other than Tariq ibn Ziyad. A brave and formidable warrior, Tariq was a smart strategist. He strategically took of advantage of the time the Christian rulers of Andalusia were engulfed in a civil war to attack and ultimately defeat them. Hence, the straits that he crossed was honoroubly named after him, as Jabal Tariq or Gibraltar. After the Andalusian soil was conquered, Tariq advanced towards Paris but was annihilated at the mountains of the Alps. Tariq was also forced to retreat because the Caliphs were worried they would lose contact with him. From then on forth, Andalusia became one of Europe’s shining stars amidst the dark ages.

The author of this book, feels that only a few books cover the entire period of eight centuries of Muslim presence in the Iberian Peninsula. This book attempts to cover the entire period from Tariq s landing in Spain to the expulsion of the Muslims in the first decade of the 17th century. Part II of the book covers in detail the Hispano-Muslim culture.

A #1 New York Times Bestseller! “A riveting Game of Thrones meets Arabian Nights love story.” - US Weekly Every dawn brings horror to a different family in a land ruled by a killer. Khalid, the eighteen-year-old Caliph of Khorasan, takes a new bride each night only to have her executed at sunrise. So it is a suspicious surprise when sixteen-year-old Shahrzad volunteers to marry Khalid. But she does so with a clever plan to stay alive and exact revenge on the Caliph for the murder of her best friend and countless other girls. Shazi’s wit and will, indeed, get her through to the dawn that no others have seen, but with a catch . . . she’s falling in love with the very boy who killed her dearest friend. She discovers that the murderous boy-king is not all that he seems and neither are the deaths of so many girls. Shazi is determined to uncover the reason for the murders and to break the cycle once and for all.

From 711 when they arrived on the Iberian Peninsula until 1492 when scholars contribute a wide-ranging series of essays and catalogue entries which are fully companion to the 373 illustrations (324 in color) of the spectacular art and architecture of the nearly vanished culture. 91/2x121/2 they were expelled by Ferdinand and Isabella, the Muslims were a powerful force in al-Andalus, as they called the Iberian lands they controlled. This awe-inspiring volume, which accompanies a major exhibition presented at the Alhambra in Granada and The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, is devoted to the little-known artistic legacy of Islamic Spain, revealing the value of these arts as part of an autonomous culture and also as a presence with deep significance for both Europe and the Islamic world. Twenty-four international Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Beschrijving van de slag bij Bouvines tegen de achtergrond van het middeleeuwse krijgsbedrijf.

Instant New York Times Bestseller The much anticipated sequel to the breathtaking The Wrath and the Dawn, lauded by Publishers Weekly as "a potent page-turner of intrigue and romance." I am surrounded on all sides by a desert. A guest, in a prison of sand and sun. My family is here. And I do not know whom I can trust. In a land on the brink of war, Shahrzad has been torn from the love of her husband Khalid, the Caliph of Khorasan. She once believed him a monster, but his secrets revealed a man tormented by guilt and a powerful curse—one that might keep them apart forever. Reunited with her family, who have taken refuge with enemies of Khalid, and Tariq, her childhood sweetheart, she should be happy. But Tariq now commands forces set on destroying Khalid's empire. Shahrzad is almost a prisoner caught between loyalties to people she loves. But she refuses to be a pawn and devises a plan. While her father, Jahandar, continues to play with magical forces he doesn't yet understand, Shahrzad tries to uncover powers that may lie dormant within her. With the help of a tattered old carpet and a tempestuous but sage young man, Shahrzad will attempt to break the curse and reunite with her one true love.

This work represents a considerably revised edition of the first comparative history of Islamic and Christian Spain between A.D. 711 and 1250. It focuses on the differential development of agriculture and urbanization in the Islamic and Christian territories and the flow of information and techniques between them.