Many problems in celestial mechanics, physics and engineering involve the study of oscillating systems governed by nonlinear ordinary differential equations or partial differential equations. This volume represents an important contribution to the available methods of solution for such systems. The contents are divided into six chapters. Chapter 1 presents a study of periodic solutions for nonlinear systems of evolution equations including differential equations with lag, systems of neutral type, various classes of nonlinear systems of integro-differential equations, etc. A numerical-analytic method for the investigation of periodic solutions of these evolution equations is presented. In Chapters 2 and 3, problems concerning the existence of periodic and quasiperiodic solutions for systems with lag are examined. For a nonlinear system with quasiperiodic coefficients and lag, the conditions under which quasiperiodic solutions exist are established. Chapter 4 is devoted to the study of invariant toroidal manifolds for various classes of systems of differential equations with quasiperiodic coefficients. Chapter 5 examines the problem concerning the reducibility of a linear system of difference equations with quasiperiodic coefficients to a linear system of difference equations with constant coefficients. Chapter 6 contains an investigation of invariant toroidal sets for systems of difference equations with quasiperiodic coefficients. For mathematicians whose work involves the study of oscillating systems.

Many problems in celestial mechanics, physics and engineering involve the study of oscillating systems governed by nonlinear ordinary differential equations or partial differential equations. This volume represents an important contribution to the available methods of solution for such systems. The contents are divided into six chapters. Chapter 1 presents a study of periodic solutions for nonlinear systems of evolution equations including differential equations with lag, systems of neutral type, various classes of nonlinear systems of integro-differential equations, etc. A numerical-analytic method for the investigation of periodic solutions of these evolution equations is presented. In Chapters 2 and 3, problems concerning the existence of periodic and quasiperiodic solutions for systems with lag are examined. For a nonlinear system with quasiperiodic coefficients and lag, the conditions under which quasiperiodic solutions exist are established. Chapter 4 is devoted to the study of invariant toroidal manifolds for various classes of systems of differential equations with quasiperiodic coefficients. Chapter 5 examines the problem concerning the reducibility of a linear system of difference equations with quasiperiodic coefficients to a linear system of difference equations with constant coefficients. Chapter 6 contains an investigation of invariant toroidal sets for systems of difference equations with quasiperiodic coefficients. For mathematicians whose work involves the study of oscillating systems.

The theory of integral and integrodifferential equations has ad vanced rapidly over the last twenty years. Of course the question of existence is an age-old problem of major importance. This mono graph is a collection of some of the most advanced results to date in this field. The book is organized as follows. It is divided into twelve chap ters. Each chapter surveys a major area of research. Specifically, some of the areas considered are Fredholm and Volterra integral and integrodifferential equations, resonant and nonresonant problems, in tegral inclusions, stochastic equations and periodic problems. We note that the selected topics reflect the particular interests of the authors. Donal 0 'Regan Maria Meehan CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND PRELIMINARIES 1.1. Introduction The aim of this book is firstly to provide a comprehensive existence the ory for integral and integrodifferential equations, and secondly to present some specialised topics in integral equations which we hope will inspire fur ther research in the area. To this end, the first part of the book deals with existence principles and results for nonlinear, Fredholm and Volterra inte gral and integrodifferential equations on compact and half-open intervals, while selected topics (which reflect the particular interests of the authors) such as nonresonance and resonance problems, equations in Banach spaces, inclusions, and stochastic equations are presented in the latter part.

The theory of partial differential equations is a wide and rapidly developing branch of contemporary mathematics. Problems related to partial differential equations of order higher than one are so diverse that a general theory can hardly be built up. There are several essentially different kinds of differential equations called elliptic, hyperbolic, and parabolic. Regarding the construction of solutions of Cauchy, mixed and boundary value problems, each kind of equation exhibits entirely different properties. Cauchy problems for hyperbolic equations and systems with variable coefficients have been studied in classical works of Petrovskii, Leret, Courant, Gording. Mixed problems for hyperbolic equations were considered by Vishik, Ladyzhenskaya, and that for general two dimensional equations were investigated by Bitsadze, Vishik, Gol'dberg, Ladyzhenskaya, Myshkis, and others. In last decade the theory of solvability on the whole of boundary value problems for nonlinear differential equations has received intensive development. Significant results for nonlinear elliptic and parabolic equations of second order were obtained in works of Gvazava, Ladyzhenskaya, Nakhushev, Oleinik, Skripnik, and others. Concerning the solvability in general of nonlinear hyperbolic equations, which are connected to the theory of local and nonlocal boundary value problems for hyperbolic equations, there are only partial results obtained by Bronshtein, Pokhozhev, Nakhushev.

In 1960 the Polish mathematician Zdzidlaw Opial (1930--1974) published an inequality involving integrals of a function and its derivative. This volume offers a systematic and up-to-date account of developments in Opial-type inequalities. The book presents a complete survey of results in the field, starting with Opial's landmark paper, traversing through its generalizations, extensions and discretizations. Some of the important applications of these inequalities in the theory of differential and difference equations, such as uniqueness of solutions of boundary value problems, and upper bounds of solutions are also presented. This book is suitable for graduate students and researchers in mathematical analysis and applications.

The last fifty years have witnessed several monographs and hundreds of research articles on the theory, constructive methods and wide spectrum of applications of boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations. In this vast field of research, the conjugate (Hermite) and the right focal point (Abei) types of problems have received the maximum attention. This is largely due to the fact that these types of problems are basic, in the sense that the methods employed in their study are easily extendable to other types of prob lems. Moreover, the conjugate and the right focal point types of boundary value problems occur frequently in real world problems. In the monograph Boundary Value Problems for Higher Order Differential Equations published in 1986, we addressed the theory of conjugate boundary value problems. At that time the results on right focal point problems were scarce; however, in the last ten years extensive research has been done. In Chapter 1 of the mono graph we offer up-to-date information of this newly developed theory of right focal point boundary value problems. Until twenty years ago Difference Equations were considered as the dis cretizations of the differential equations. Further, it was tacitly taken for granted that the theories of difference and differential equations are parallel. However, striking diversities and wide applications reported in the last two decades have made difference equations one of the major areas of research.

The present monograph is devoted to the complex theory of differential equations. Not yet a handbook, neither a simple collection of articles, the book is a first attempt to present a more or less detailed exposition of a young but promising branch of mathematics, that is, the complex theory of partial differential equations. Let us try to describe the framework of this theory. First, simple examples show that solutions of differential equations are, as a rule, ramifying analytic functions. and, hence, are not regular near points of their ramification. Second, bearing in mind these important properties of solutions, we shall try to describe the method solving our problem. Surely, one has first to consider differential equations with constant coefficients. The apparatus solving such problems is well-known in the real the ory of differential equations: this is the Fourier transformation. Un fortunately, such a transformation had not yet been constructed for complex-analytic functions and the authors had to construct by them selves. This transformation is, of course, the key notion of the whole theory.