Le travail présenté dans ce mémoire de thèse apporte sa contribution à la synthèse de lois de commande en contexte incertain des systèmes automatisés de production. L'incertain est ici caractérisé d'une part par les variations imprévues des demandes client, mais également par les aléas de fonctionnement déclarés au niveau de la partie opérative. L'approche, localisée au niveau 1 du CIM, et en particulier au sein des modules de coordination des chaînes fonctionnelles, s'intègre au sein d'un système plus général de Supervision, Surveillance et Commande. L'approche se distingue en considérant la globalité du processus qui mène à la reconfiguration des lois de commande. En effet, elle propose non seulement une méthode de modélisation de la partie opérative utilisant un formalisme particulièrement adapté à la complexité des procédés considérés mais aussi une technique de synthèse de lois de commande basée sur un mécanisme de recherche de chemins dans un graphe. La modélisation proposée, proche de celle utilisée en planification automatique est basée sur un ensemble d'opérations qui décrivent la dynamique des chaînes fonctionnelles et leurs effets sur le flux de produits tout en prenant en considération les contraintes sécuritaires et environnementales associées. Toute l'originalité du mécanisme de synthèse proposé réside dans le compromis réalisé entre la complexité du graphe manipulé et les performances de la solution obtenue. Un exemple d'application basé sur un processus manufacturier réel, la plate-forme SAPHIR du Laboratoire d'Automatique de Grenoble, et sur l'atelier logiciel développé sur la base du mécanisme de synthèse proposé illustre les apports de notre approche.

This book represents a first considered attempt to study the factors that conditioned industrial chemistry for war in 1914-18. Taking a comparative perspective, it reflects on the experience of France, Germany, Austria, Russia, Britain, Italy and Russia, and points to significant similarities and differences. It looks at changing patterns in the organisation of industry, and at the emerging symbiosis between science, industry and the military.

The Cambridge Handbook of Engineering Education Research is the critical reference source for the growing field of engineering education research, featuring the work of world luminaries writing to define and inform this emerging field. The Handbook draws extensively on contemporary research in the learning sciences, examining how technology affects learners and learning environments, and the role of social context in learning. Since a landmark issue of the Journal of Engineering Education (2005), in which senior scholars argued for a stronger theoretical and empirically driven agenda, engineering education has quickly emerged as a research-driven field increasing in both theoretical and empirical work drawing on many social science disciplines, disciplinary engineering knowledge, and computing. The Handbook is based on the research agenda from a series of interdisciplinary colloquia funded by the US National Science Foundation and published in the Journal of Engineering Education in October 2006.

This report reviews engineering's importance to human, economic, social and cultural development and in addressing the UN Millennium Development Goals. Engineering tends to be viewed as a national issue, but engineering knowledge, companies, conferences and journals, all demonstrate that it is as international as science. The report reviews the role of engineering in development, and covers issues including poverty reduction, sustainable development, climate change mitigation and adaptation. It presents the various fields of engineering around the world and is intended to identify issues and challenges facing engineering, promote better understanding of engineering and its role, and highlight ways of making engineering more attractive to young people, especially women.--Publisher's description.

The report highlights the crucial role of engineering in achieving each of the 17 SDGs. It shows how equal opportunities for all is key to ensuring an inclusive and gender balanced profession that can better respond to the shortage of engineers for implementing the SDGs. It provides a snapshot of the engineering innovations that are shaping our world, especially emerging technologies such as big data and AI, which are crucial for addressing the pressing challenges facing humankind and the planet. It analyses the transformation of engineering education and capacity-building at the dawn of the Fourth Industrial Revolution that will enable engineers to tackle the challenges ahead. It highlights the global effort needed to address the specific regional disparities, while summarizing the trends of engineering across the different regions of the world.

This book examines how the computer, as we currently know it, will be replaced by a new generation of technologies, moving computing off the desktop and ultimately integrating it with real world objects and everyday environments. It provides a unique combination of concepts, methods and prototypes of ubiquitous and pervasive computing reflecting the current interest in smart environments and ambient intelligence.

In this engaging study, the authors put casuistry into its historical context, tracing the origin of moral reasoning in antiquity, its peak during the sixteenth and early seventeenth century, and its subsequent fall into disrepute from the mid-seventeenth century.