A new interpretation of the rich and highly complex medieval English poem Pearl is presented in this book. Medieval symbolism as a whole, especially the artistic problem of representing the apocalyptic and the ineffable, gains illumination from the author's approach. Deriving its critical premises from medieval aesthetics and symbolic theory, the book employs two key metaphoric concepts: the anagogic dissimilar similitude and the incarnational symbol. The former emphasizes the incongruity between the finite means and the infinite object of representation, physical image and spiritual essence, the human and the divine. The incarnational symbol seeks the reconciliation of these opposing natures on a sacramental level. The Pearl Poet, like Dante, translates the tension among levels of perception--sensory, affective, intellectual --into an existential drama. Pearl presents man and God as antagonists in a drama of faith, the pearl as a symbol for the kingdom of God--a symbol at once alluring and terrifying. Through the experience of the poem's chief character, the dreamer, the reader learns the Eucharistic reconciliation: "divine pleasure takes on the warm familiarity of earthly pleasure, and earthly pleasure is redeemed and elevated to its ideal form, which is in God."

This collection reviews what has been categorized as the 'good' and the 'bad' of Steinbeck's short novels, looking beyond the careless labeling that has characterized a great deal of commentary on Steinbeck's writing to the true strengths and weaknesses of the works.