Supplement to Public Executions in Richmond, Virginia
Title | Supplement to Public Executions in Richmond, Virginia PDF eBook |
Author | Harry M. Ward |
Publisher | |
Pages | 7 |
Release | 2013 |
Genre | Capital punishment |
ISBN |
The End of Public Execution
Title | The End of Public Execution PDF eBook |
Author | Michael Ayers Trotti |
Publisher | UNC Press Books |
Pages | 267 |
Release | 2022-11-29 |
Genre | History |
ISBN | 1469670429 |
Before 1850, all legal executions in the South were performed before crowds that could number in the thousands; the last legal public execution was in 1936. This study focuses on the shift from public executions to ones behind barriers, situating that change within our understandings of lynching and competing visions of justice and religion. Intended to shame and intimidate, public executions after the Civil War had quite a different effect on southern Black communities. Crowds typically consisting of as many Black people as white behaved like congregations before a macabre pulpit, led in prayer and song by a Black minister on the scaffold. Black criminals often proclaimed their innocence and almost always their salvation. This turned the proceedings into public, mixed-race, and mixed-gender celebrations of Black religious authority and devotion. In response, southern states rewrote their laws to eliminate these crowds and this Black authority, ultimately turning to electrocutions in the bowels of state penitentiaries. As a wave of lynchings crested around the turn of the twentieth century, states transformed the ways that the South's white-dominated governments controlled legal capital punishment, making executions into private affairs witnessed only by white people.
The Supplemental Appropriation Bill, 1955, Hearings Before ... 83-2, on H.R. 9936
Title | The Supplemental Appropriation Bill, 1955, Hearings Before ... 83-2, on H.R. 9936 PDF eBook |
Author | United States. Congress. Senate. Appropriations Committee |
Publisher | |
Pages | 1692 |
Release | 1954 |
Genre | |
ISBN |
New American Supplement to the Latest Editions of the Encyclopedia Brittanica
Title | New American Supplement to the Latest Editions of the Encyclopedia Brittanica PDF eBook |
Author | Day Otis Kellogg |
Publisher | |
Pages | 680 |
Release | 1900 |
Genre | |
ISBN |
Library of Congress Subject Headings
Title | Library of Congress Subject Headings PDF eBook |
Author | Library of Congress. Cataloging Policy and Support Office |
Publisher | |
Pages | 1588 |
Release | 2007 |
Genre | Subject headings, Library of Congress |
ISBN |
Library of Congress Subject Headings
Title | Library of Congress Subject Headings PDF eBook |
Author | Library of Congress |
Publisher | |
Pages | 1670 |
Release | 2012 |
Genre | Subject headings, Library of Congress |
ISBN |
Second Supplemental Appropriation Bill
Title | Second Supplemental Appropriation Bill PDF eBook |
Author | United States. Congress. House. Appropriations |
Publisher | |
Pages | 406 |
Release | 1960 |
Genre | |
ISBN |