Sultanas Dream, first published in 1905 in a Madras English newspaper, is a witty feminist utopiaa tale of reverse purdah that posits a world in which men are confined indoors and women have taken over the public sphere, ending a war nonviolently and restoring health and beauty to the world."The Secluded Ones" is a selection of short sketches, first published in Bengali newspapers, illuminating the cruel and comic realities of life in purdah.

Sultana's Dream is a classic work of Bengali science fiction and one of the first examples of feminist science fiction. This short story was written in 1905 by Rokeya Sakhawat Hussain, a Muslim feminist, writer and social reformer who lived in British India, in what is now Bangladesh. The word sultana here means a female sultan, a Muslim ruler.

Tells the story of a feminist utopia and discusses the Muslim custom of purdah, the seclusion and segregation of women.

Widely regarded as Bengal's earliest and boldest feminist writer, Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain (1880-1932) was a pioneering and creative educationist and social activist, and the school she founded in Kolkata, the Sakhawat Memorial School for Girls, still thrives. Sultana's Dream, written in English (1905), is a delightful satirical work set in Ladyland, where the men are in purdah and the women go out and work. An extraordinary novella with generous dashes of melodrama and romance, disasters and coincidences, Padmarag, written in Bengali (1924) and translated here for the first time, describes a female-founded and female-administered community set in contemporary Bengal, where women from diverse regions and ethnicities, with unhappy histories of patriarchal oppression, better their lot by concrete social action. Both Sultana's Dreamand Padmaragdiscuss in playful, fascinating, and intelligent ways the question of women's education.

‘Sultana’s Dream’ is an extraordinarily prescient story set in fictional Ladyland. The narrator, Sultana, falls asleep and is greeted by Sister Sara, who introduces her to the futuristic society she has apparently awakened in. In this alternate reality, men are shy and timid creatures, while women pioneer scientific breakthroughs, such as solar power and weather control. A fascinating and thought-provoking tale that leaves the reader to decide whether this is, in fact, a dream or a visit from an unseen future. Born in Rangpur, Begum Rokeya (1880 – 1932) was an author, political activist, and pioneer of women’s rights in South Asia. While her parents were wealthy, their religious beliefs meant that Rokeya and her sister were deprived of education. However, her brothers, who were both attending school, educated them by night. Rokeya’s literary career began when she was 22, with the publication of an essay, ‘Thirst’. This was followed up by two books, ‘Matichur’ and ‘Sultana’s Dream’. The latter took the bold step of reversing the roles of the sexes, in order to demonstrate what women are capable of contributing, given the chance. Her other works follow a similar thread, and Rokeya reinforced her beliefs by setting up the first school for Muslim girls. During her lifetime, she wrote 16 novels, including ‘The Fruit of Emancipation’ and ‘Education Ideals for the Modern Indian Girl’.

One of the first science-fiction utopian stories and one of the first feminist utopias by India’s widely celebrated, pioneering feminist, educator, writer, and activist Rokeya Hossain A Penguin Classics Edition Sultana, a Muslim woman living in contemporary India, falls asleep and wakes up in a transformed future world: a utopia in which men rather than women are relegated to the domestic sphere. Women, now free to explore the outside world at will and pursue an education, run a peaceful and just society, using scientific principles to harvest energy from the sun and live in harmony with nature. Sultana’s Dream was published in 1905 in the Indian Ladies Magazine, the first English language periodical edited by, and targeted at, Indian women. Like the periodical, the story broke new ground. As a pioneering work of science fiction and feminist utopian literature at the turn of the century, Sultana’s Dream is strikingly advanced in its critique of patriarchy, war, industrialization, and the exploitation of the natural world, speaking to the concerns of our contemporary world as much as its own. At a time when British colonialism was using the treatment of women in India as justification for colonial intervention there, Hossain’s story, in imagining a world in which men rather than women are kept inside, positions her protest against Islamic patriarchy within a larger feminist vision that takes on Western as well as Islamic forms of gender hierarchy. Her novella Padmarag is similarly utopian in its depiction of a women-run school and welfare center, and is both feminist and anti-colonial in its outlook. In both these works, Hossain seizes the critique of gender roles in India away from Western commentators and turns it against British interference, while also enlarging the critique to take on the problem of gender more broadly.

Based on a survey of 40 enterprises in the industrial and service sectors. Includes a chapter on the history of women's work in the country.