Introduction: Police employees' works are totally different to other employees. They deal directly with people who is either victim or criminal. Stress in police officers and other law enforcement personnel is an inspiring area for the researchers. Law enforcement is constantly identified as one of the most stressful occupations (Burke, 1994; Carlier, Lamberts & Gersons, 1997; Kirkcaldy et al., 1995; Norvell et al., 1993). Violanti said in his research, 'policing is a psychologically stressful work environment filled with danger, high demands, ambiguity in work encounters, human misery and exposure to death." Working in police department is totally different experience. Stress level is high in police job Compare to other occupation. Police officers face many dangers in their routing job life. Constantly, police being faced unknow and the unpredictable situation. they faced dangers like death, increase risk of infectious diseases, serious and minor trauma, both physical and emotional. police officers all time deal with situation which is negative. Police often stressful. They experience witness violence and death. These stressful lives on police officers' physical and mental well-being and can accumulate over the course of career. Many research found that police officer struggle with alcohol abuse, depression, suicidal thoughts, PTSD, and other challenges. 1.2 Defining police officers: A police officer is a person who works for a police force. A police officer is employed by state/ provincial, federal or municipal governments. Police officers have responsibility of keeping the public peace. It's usually done by uniformed proactive patrolling within their jurisdiction looking for,

The objective of this book is to demonstrate how adopting a career perspective can provide a more comprehensive conceptualization of traumatic stress processes as they apply to police officers and agencies and provide a framework that can be used to guide research and intervention agenda in ways that reflect the changes that can occur over the course of a police career that can span decades. The book examines the nature and effectiveness of the police role in dealing with adverse events as they unfold within a career perspective. It begins with pre-employment experiences and their implications for operational well-being and concludes with a discussion of the implications of a police career for disengagement or retirement from this role. It draws upon empirical research to provide an evidence-based approach to traumatic stress risk management and well-being in contemporary policing. Based on state-of-the-art research, the book provides a framework that police agencies can use to develop their officers and their organizations in ways that enhance their capability to confront an increasingly uncertain future in ways that maximize the interests of front-line policing. Areas of discussion include incorporation of police trauma into a life-career course perspective; changing context and nature of police work; recruitment, selection, and socialization in the context of critical incident and terrorist work; changing gender balance; training in uncertain times; managing risk and vulnerability; organizational context; family dynamics; inter and intraorganizational teams; health and mental health; consequences of long-term exposure to hazards; and disengagement and retirement. The text will be of significant interest to police organizations and agencies whose officers face a high risk of experiencing disaster and traumatic stress, law enforcement managerial and supervisory personnel, human resource and health and safety professionals, and mental health professionals and consultants. The text will also be relevant to those researching traumatic stress, disaster stress, and emergency management as well as other protective services.

Testimony from a Congressional hearing on police stress and how it affects the well-being of the officers, their families and their work, is presented in this document. An opening statement by Representative Patricia Schroeder is presented. Statements are included from Representatives Frank D. Riggs, George Miller, and Frank R. Wolf. Testimony and/or prepared statements from these individuals are included: (1) Beverly J. Anderson, clinical director/program administrator, the Metropolitan Police Employee Assistance Program, Washington, D.C.; (2) Anthony E. Daniels, assistant director, Training Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Quantico, Virginia; (3) Leanor Boulin Johnson, associate professor of family studies, Department of Family Resources and Human Development, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona; (4) Jeffrey A. King, officer and peer counselor coordinator, the Metropolitan Police Employee Assistance Program, Washington, D.C.; (5) James T. Reese, supervisory special agent, Assistant Unit Chief, Behavioral Science Services Unit, Training Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Quantico, Virginia; (6) Cathy Riggs, former police officer, Santa Rosa Police Department and wife of Representative Frank Riggs (former police officer), Santa Rosa, California; (7) Ellen Scrivner, director, Psychological Services Division, Prince George's County Police Department, Upper Marlboro, Maryland, and president elect, Division of Psychologists in Public Service, the American Psychological Association, Washington, D.C.;, (8) Gary W. Sommers, sergeant, training services, Prince George's County Police Department, Landover, Maryland, accompanied by Kay Sommers, Landover, Maryland; (9) Aristedes W. Zavaras, chief, Denver Police Department, Denver, Colorado; (10) Suzanne F. Sawyer, executive director, Concerns of Police Survivors, Upper Marlboro, Maryland; and (11) William K. Stover, police chief, Arlington County Police Department, Arlington, Virginia. (ABL)

This book brings to the forefront the realization that a successful police career involves not only surviving the danger involved in policing but also psychological survival. In this book, a mixed approach is employed that includes research and some practical suggestions from practitioners on how best to deal with the police health crisis. It is based on research associated with police mental health together with the subsequent effects on officers’ performance, physical health, and lifestyle. It begins by outlining the current challenges faced by police, including increased civil unrest, negative public reactions, and a biological siege brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and depression are reviewed and how these two conditions have been shown to promote negative health issues such as cardiovascular disease and gastrointestinal disorders, comorbid psychological conditions as well as suicide. Resilience is also discussed and its role in ameliorating stress. An overview of factors related to resilience is provided and some of the mechanisms that underpin resilience in police work are examined. Additionally, suggestions are made that may help police organizations foster resiliency in officers. The final chapter asks the question, “Where do we go from here?” The chapter discusses current legislation that will help police deal with the problem of psychological and physical health and suicide. Interventions discussed include the need for wellness programs, reducing stress through the police organization, peers support development, the use of mindfulness as a stress reduction strategy, PTSD mitigation, and reducing the fatigue health effects of shift work.

Police function for enforcing law and maintaining order, ensuring life and property for citizens of the country and controlling crime and violence, which is linked to social service in modern democratic world. This entire responsibility mount on them heavy stress. Their personal life gets disturbed too, due to nature of their job, which is highly demanding. Life events and intrapsychic sources give rise to anxiety, frustrations and pressures in their lives. In recent years, rapid increase in negative incidences was observed in police organization, which not only affects police personnel, but hampers the organization also. Personality factors mediate between situational demands and their behaviour, which if negative, may lead to fatal consequences. So, it is relevant to investigate the various stresses and personality factors and its effects on mental health among police personnel as their psychological health is an emotion prerequisite of the society and state.Initial study has indicated presence of stress, negative personality factors and mental ill health.

Police officers are at higher risk for several different mental disorders relative to the general population, arguably due to the nature of their work. Women police officers report elevated mental disorders symptoms when compared to men police officers. Empirical research on which factors may be involved in the gender differences in police mental health is sparse and seldom gender balanced. The current explanatory sequential mixed methods research examined how the contrast in the experiences of men and women police officers may influence gender differences in mental disorder prevalence. Among surveyed Canadian police officers (1377; 36% women), women reported elevated symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and general anxiety disorder relative to men, even when accounting for occupational stress, organizational stress, and social support. In contrast, men reported elevated symptoms of alcohol use disorder relative to women, even after accounting for risk factors. Women reported higher rates of social provisions, whereas men reported higher rates of organizational support. Police officers (17; 9 women) in Saskatchewan participated in semi-structured interviews. Thematic network analysis identified themes related to the experience of policing for both men and women police officers. Four global themes emerged, each encompassing several organizing themes: (1) Police Culture, (2) Gendered experiences, (3) Mental Health, and (4) Occupational Concerns. An overarching global theme - Gender and Mental Health among Police Officers highlights discrepancies in the experience of policing between men and women. Pervasive gender norms appear to be detrimental for both men and women police officers, as well as the communities they serve. The current results, coupled with the emerging disposition for progress expressed by police services, offer opportunities to develop tailored and focused interventions and policies in order to support the police officers.