A broad historical overview of changing institutional patterns of technological innovation with the Defense Department's major weapons laboratories.

Contents: (1) Intro.: The Sources of Weapon Systems Innovation; (2) R&D in the Army: Changing Institutional Patterns of Army R& D after World War II; The Content of R&D in the Arsenal System; The Decline of the Arsenal System; (3) R&D in the Navy: Bureau of Ordnance; Bureau of Aeronautics; Bureau of Ships; From Bureaus and Laboratories to System Commands and Research Centers; (4) R&D in the Air Force: From Army Air Corps to U.S. Air Force, 1907-1950; Growth and Diversification: The Air Research and Development Command, 1950-1961; Reintegration: R&D in the Air Force Systems Command, 1961-1991; Coming Full Circle: Patterns of Organizational Change in Air Force R&D Since 1945; (5) Review and Retrospect. Biblio.

Sources of Weapon Systems Innovation in the Department of Defense explores the historical evolution of this process during the Cold War, focusing specifically on the content, scope, organizational structure, and management of in-house R&D in the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force. This monograph is not a comprehensive history of military R&D, but rather a broad historical overview of changing institutional patterns of technological innovation within the Defense Department's major weapons laboratories. It examines many types of research and development including fundamental studies of the physics of metals in the Army's primary manufacturing arsenals, rocket and missile development at the Naval Ordnance Test Station in California, testing and evaluation of aircraft engines and rocket motors at the Air Force's Arnold Engineering Development Center in Tennessee, and a host of other R&D activities at laboratories located throughout the United States. How the military services accommodated changes in management policy and balanced the corresponding growth of R&D outsourcing at the expense of maintaining a viable in-house capability is the central theme of this book. While this monograph only scratches the surface of such an ambitious endeavor, it does attempt to provide a general interpretive framework that historians will hopefully find useful as a guide to further research.

Sources of Weapon Systems Innovation in the Department of Defense explores the historical evolution of this process during the Cold War, focusing specifically on the content, scope, organizational structure, and management of in-house R&D in the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force.This monograph is not a comprehensive history of military R&D, but rather a broad historical overview of changing institutional patterns of technological innovation within the Defense Department's major weapons laboratories. It examines many types of research and development including fundamental studies of the physics of metals in the Army's primary manufacturing arsenals, rocket and missile development at the Naval Ordnance Test Station in California, testing and evaluation of aircraft engines and rocket motors at the Air Force's Arnold Engineering Development Center in Tennessee, and a host of other R&D activities at laboratories located throughout the United States. How the military services accommodated changes in management policy and balanced the corresponding growth of R&D outsourcing at the expense of maintaining a viable in-house capability is the central theme of this book. While this monograph only scratches the surface of such an ambitious endeavor, it does attempt to provide a general interpretive framework that historians will hopefully find useful as a guide to further research.

Physics at the beginning of the twenty-first century has reached new levels of accomplishment and impact in a society and nation that are changing rapidly. Accomplishments have led us into the information age and fueled broad technological and economic development. The pace of discovery is quickening and stronger links with other fields such as the biological sciences are being developed. The intellectual reach has never been greater, and the questions being asked are more ambitious than ever before. Physics in a New Era is the final report of the NRC's six-volume decadal physics survey. The book reviews the frontiers of physics research, examines the role of physics in our society, and makes recommendations designed to strengthen physics and its ability to serve important needs such as national security, the economy, information technology, and education.