The work of 47 contributors from the U.S., Canada, and Israel, the Sourcebook gives special attention to the complexity of the social support construct, expanding the field's theoretical base by seriously reappraising social support research in the context of findings from other fields of psychology and related disciplines. Personality processes are specified to account for observed associations between social support and physical well-being. Several new studies are included which illustrate empirical approaches to exploring these processes. And key contributions highlight the great strides made in understanding the links among personal dispositions, situational contexts, and potentially supportive transactions.

The Sourcebook gives special attention to the complexity of the social support construct, expanding the field's theoretical base by reappraising social support research in the context of findings from other fields of psychology & related disciplines.

Surgery and pharmaceuticals are not the only effective procedures we have to improve our health. The natural human tendency to care for fellow humans, to support them with social networks, has proven to be a powerful treatment as well. As a result, the areas of application for social support intervention have expanded dramatically during the past 20 years. As these areas have expanded, so too has the literature on the theory and measurement of social support. Yet, the literature has focussed on very particular areas. Investigators in the social sciences have mainly focused on the protection that social support confers in the context of stressful life events and transitions, whereas studies in the health sciences have concentrated on the effects of social networks and supports on population mortality and morbidity. Although no single theoretical framework has been widely accepted, there is consensus that both the psychological sense of support and actual expressions of support play critical roles in maintaining health and well being. This book is a state-of-the-art resource for the selection and development of strategies for social support assessment and intervention. Designed for use by behavioral and medical scientists conducting studies of physical illness, psychological adjustment, and psychiatric illness in human populations, this volume presents a broad conceptual framework addressing the role of social support in mental and physical health. The book is divided into four sections. The first provides some historical context as well as a conceptual overview of how social support might influence mental and physical health. The second discusses techniques for measuring social networks and support, and the third addresses the design of different types of support interventions. The final section presents some general comments on the volume and its implications for social support research and intervention. This resource is meant to aid researchers in understanding the conceptual criteria on which measurement and intervention decisions should be made when studying the relations between social support and health. Furthermore, the information provided on both measurement and intervention will be valuable to practitioners interested in designing and evaluating prevention and treatment initiatives. Sponsored by the Fetzer Institute as a follow up to their successful 1995 publication, Measuring Stress, this book will provide the most up to date research on the effects of social support interventions on physical and mental health.

Research on personality psychology is making important contributions to psychological science and applied psychology. This second edition of The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology offers a one-stop resource for scientific personality psychology. It summarizes cutting-edge personality research in all its forms, including genetics, psychometrics, social-cognitive psychology, and real-world expressions, with informative and lively chapters that also highlight some areas of controversy. The team of renowned international authors, led by two esteemed editors, ensures a wide range of theoretical perspectives. Each research area is discussed in terms of scientific foundations, main theories and findings, and future directions for research. The handbook also features advances in technology, such as molecular genetics and functional neuroimaging, as well as contemporary statistical approaches. An invaluable aid to understanding the central role played by personality in psychology, it will appeal to students, researchers, and practitioners in psychology, behavioral neuroscience, and the social sciences.

Winner of the 2018 Distinguished Book Award from the Communication and Social Cognition Division of the National Communication Association. Essential reading for listening researchers across a range of disciplines, The Sourcebook of Listening Research: Methodology and Measures is a landmark publication that defines the field of listening research and its best practices. the definitive guide to listening methodology and measurement with contributions from leading listening scholars and researchers Evaluates current listening methods and measures, with attention to scale development, qualitative methods, operationalizing cognitive processes, and measuring affective and behavioral components A variety of theoretical models for assessing the cognitive, affective, and behavioral facets of listening are presented alongside 65 measurement profiles Outlines cutting-edge trends in listening research, as well as the complexities involved in performing successful research in this area

"Our relationships with other people are complex, but they matter a great deal. In this edited volume, we review recent perspectives on the connections between social relationships and physical and mental health. Although the potential for psychological events and emotions to affect health is no longer novel, our understanding of their intricacies--from physiological processes to cultural mechanisms--is constantly evolving. The individual chapters in this book explore the myriad connections between stress and illness and how these connections are shaped by the quality of our relationships with other people. Relationships, as examined in this volume, span the full continuum--from social support to social isolation--as do their benefits and costs. Throughout the volume, we emphasize two key themes. First, for all the reasons mentioned previously, the chapters emphasize the fact that relationships matter. The quality and quantity of our connections with other people predict outcomes ranging from happiness to heart disease, from adjustment to maladjustment, and from mortality to longevity. The chapters in this volume are designed to explore the scope of and the mechanisms for these associations, as well as their implications for improving both health and relationships. Second, the chapters emphasize the fact that perceptions matter. One of the most robust conclusions from the stress literature (if not all psychological literature) is that people's perceptions are dramatic and important moderators of emotional, behavioral, and physiological responses. Both actual support (e.g., Cohen, 2004) and perceived support (e.g., Lakey & Cassady, 1990) are predictive of better health; both physical isolation (e.g., Berkman & Syme, 1979) and perceived loneliness (e.g., Hawkley et al., 2003) are predictive of poorer health. A host of individual differences likewise moderate the impact of social threat, caregiver stress, romantic loss, and exposure to risky families. Each of the chapters in this volume highlights the importance of perceptions and individual differences and examines the reasons that these play such an important role. The chapters discuss a number of related constructs under the general umbrella of health, including physical and mental health outcomes, as well as the emotional and physiological mechanisms that may act as precursors to these outcomes. In many cases, these chapters examine moderators of the link between health and relationships--for example, the impact of a romantic loss depends in part on the personality and gender of the person experiencing the loss. In other cases, where the mechanisms are understood, the chapters focus on mediators of the link between health and relationships--for example, physical affection appears to be the mediating mechanism for the health benefits of marriage. The topic of health and social relationships spans multiple perspectives within psychology and related fields, and we have attempted to capture this diversity in this volume. Although the primary intended audience is academic psychologists, we believe that many of the chapters will be of interest to health care professionals and therapists who focus on relationship issues. We also anticipate this volume can be an excellent companion to graduate and advanced undergraduate courses on the topics of stress, health, emotion, and relationships"--Introduction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).

"No one is rich enough to do without a neighbor." Traditional Danish Proverb This bit of Danish folk wisdom expresses an idea underlying much of the current thinking about social support. While the clinical literature has for a long time recognized the deleterious effects of unwholesome social relationships, only more recently has the focus broadened to include the positive side of social interaction, those interpersonal ties that are desired, rewarding, and protective. This book contains theoretical and research contributions by a group of scholars who are charting this side of the social spectrum. Evidence is increasing that maladaptive ways of thinking and behaving occur disproportionately among people with few social supports. Rather than sapping self-reliance, strong ties with others particularly family members seem to encourage it. Reliance on others and self-reliance are not only compatible but complementary to one another. While the mechanism by which an intimate relationship is protective has yet to be worked out, the following factors seem to be involved: intimacy, social integration through shared concerns, reassurance of worth, the opportunity to be nurtured by others, a sense of reliable alliance, and guidance. The major advance that is taking place in the literature on social support is that reliance is being -placed less on anecdotal and clinical evidence and more on empirical inquiry. The chapters of this book reflect this important development and identify the frontiers that are currently being explored.