Language is a tool to deliver one individual's thought or idea or feeling to other individuals through certain kinds of medium, such that sound, image, gesture, touching, motion or even chemicals. In human being the speaking with tongue and mouth and written words or signs by hand are two main forms of language. However, broadly to say, languages also include ultra sonic wave transmission in dolphin, birds' singing, crickets' wings vibration, bees' flying pattern, ants' chemical markers on their trails, blind man finger-touching books, music sheets and performance with instruments - the music language, flag language, light-signal language, telegraphic code, computer language, etc. The criteria to judge the quality of human languages shall be evaluated by its speeding in speech, area-using efficacy in calligraphy, accuracy in meaning expression, easy understanding, and logic consistency, plus acoustic beauty and visual enjoyment. This is a try to develop Sapiensish as a common human language.

The price of this 148 pages' songbook at Amazon and Barnes & Noble bookstores, is set at zero profit. (

Totally it has 216 pages and 52 songs in this music sheet book. All songs were composed by Johnson K. Gao. Different birthday songs and songs composed for ancient poetry, such that written by Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Yu-yi, Su Shi, Liu Yu-xi, Longfellow, Petofi, etc. are included. For promotion of cultural exchange between the East and the West, past and now. The price of the book is set at none profit level. When the book is sold in the major book stores, like amazon.com and Barnes and Noble Book store, the price is only to cover material used for printing and processing. The author shall earn no any money from sales.

In this work, originally published in Dutch, Rik Smits theorizes that language could not have developed originally as a system of communication. It is, instead, the result of combining separate abilities, each of which developed independently to aid the survival of early humans. Lacking strength and speed, man relies on wisdom for survival. Smits theorizes that human skills in calculation and estimation continued to develop until they were sufficient to accommodate a system as complex as grammar. Only after our linguistic ability emerged could humans think logically and share our reasoning with others, at which point almost everything we now call culture began to flourish. Smits concludes that language cannot have long predated the invention of agriculture in the Middle East, some 14,000 years ago. The huge advance in civilization represented by language made abstract powers of reasoning indispensable for the first time, along with highly developed concepts of identity, past, present, and future, all of which rely upon language. This explanation of the origins of language throws new light on cave paintings by Cro-Magnon man, whose masterpieces date from about 40,000 to 15,000 years ago. Anatomically Cro-Magnons were modern humans, but they had no language in the modern sense. Their absence of language gave them no true sense of individual identity. This translation was made possible by a grant from the Dutch Foundation for Literature.

'The Rise of Homo Sapiens' presents a provocative theory about the evolution of the modern mind based on archaeological evidence and the working memory model of experimental psychologist Alan Baddeley.

A Buzzfeed Gift Guide Selection “Few books on the biological and cultural origin of humanity can be ranked as classics. I believe [this] will be one of them.” — Edward O. Wilson At the time of its publication, How Language Began received high acclaim for capturing the fascinating history of mankind’s most incredible creation. Deemed a “bombshell” linguist and “instant folk hero” by Tom Wolfe (Harper’s), Daniel L. Everett posits that the near- 7,000 languages that exist today are not only the product of one million years of evolution but also have allowed us to become Earth’s apex predator. Tracing 60,000 generations, Everett debunks long- held theories across a spectrum of disciplines to affi rm the idea that we are not born with an instinct for language. Woven with anecdotes of his nearly forty years of fi eldwork amongst Amazonian hunter- gatherers, this is a “completely enthralling” (Spectator) exploration of our humanity and a landmark study of what makes us human. “[An] ambitious text. . . . Everett’s amiable tone, and especially his captivating anecdotes . . . , will help the neophyte along.”— New York Times Book Review