Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the body does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced. The latest edition of this reference provides endocrinologists with the latest advances in the diagnosis and management of diabetes. Beginning with an overview of epidemiology, pathophysiology and metabolism, the next sections discuss presentations of diabetes, therapeutic management, complications, and comorbidities. The following chapters cover diabetes in certain population groups, education and technology, nutrition, glucose monitoring, and research. The book concludes with a section dedicated to Type 1 diabetes, and a selection of journal reviews. Flow diagrams, tables and figures further enhance the comprehensive text. Key points Latest edition of comprehensive reference detailing latest advances in diagnosis and management of diabetes Covers numerous therapeutic methods Complete sections dedicated to Type 1 diabetes and journal reviews Highly illustrated with flow diagrams, tables and figures

Section 1: Etiopathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus Section 2: Management of Diabetes Mellitus--Nutrition, Lifestyle and Education Section 3: Management of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Section 4: Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Section 5: Acute Complications of Diabetes Section 6: Chronic Complications--Microvascular Section 7: Chronic Complications--Macrovascular Section 8: Diabetes Care in Special Populations Section 9: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Section 10: Obesity, Prediabetes and Metabolic Syndrome Section 11: Recent Advances in Diabetes Care Section 12: Diabetes and Infections

(Medicine Update 2019_2 Volumes) SECTION 1: CARDIOLOGY SECTION 2: HYPERTENSION SECTION 3: PULMONOLOGY SECTION 4: ENDOCRINOLOGY SECTION 5: DIABETOLOGY SECTION 6: NEUROLOGY SECTION 7: RHEUMATOLOGY SECTION 8: NEPHROLOGY SECTION 9: GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY SECTION 10: ONCOLOGY AND HEMATOLOGY SECTION 11: INFECTIOUS DISEASES SECTION 12: CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE SECTION 13: POISIONING AND TOXICOLOGY SECTION 14: PREGNANCY SECTION 15: HIV SECTION 16: GERIATRICS SECTION 17: LIPIDOLOGY SECTION 18: NUTRITION SECTION 19: ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE SECTION 20: MISCELLANEOUS (Progress in Medicine 2019) SECTION 1: CARDIOLOGY SECTION 2: ENDOCRINOLOGY AND DIABETOLOGY SECTION 3: GASTROENTEROLOGY SECTION 4: GERIATRICS SECTION 5: GENERAL MEDICINE SECTION 6: INFECTIOUS DISEASES SECTION 7: NEPHROLOGY SECTION 8: NEUROLOGY SECTION 9: ONCOLOGY SECTION 10: PULMONOLOGY SECTION 11: POISONING SECTION 12: RABINDRANATH TAGORE ORATION SECTION 13: RHEUMATOLOGY Index

Key Features • Details the latest diagnostic tests and treatments of diabetes and its complications, useful for ready reference by students, physicians, and healthcare professionals. • Explains how heart failure and stroke are deadly complications of diabetes along with kidney failure and life-threatening infections. • Establishes how cancer is linked to diabetes – a fact many people are not aware of – the book details the 6 types of cancer that may result from the disease, along with an individualized focus on the different “areas” of complications that occur from diabetes. • Discusses the effect of diabetes upon the minds of patients, in relation to depression, anxiety, panic, PTSD, eating disorders, delirium, and dementia.

Section 1: Medical Aspect of Diabetic Foot 1. Diabetes Mellitus-A Clinical Challenge 2. Top Ten Countries for Number of Adults with Diabetes 3. Epidemiology of the Diabetic Foot 4. Economical Burden of the Diabetic Foot Ulcer 5. Pathway to Diabetic Foot Ulcer 6. Factors Associated with Foot Ulcer 7. Pathophysiology of Foot Ulceration 8. Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy 9. Types of Peripheral Neuropathy 10. Tests for Peripheral Neuropathy 11. Vibration Test 12. Biothesiometer or Neuro-esthesiometer 13. Other Tests for Peripheral Neuropathy 14. Neuropad (Autonomic Test) 15. Neuro-osteoarthropathy (Charcot Foot) 16. Indications for a Neurological Referral in Patients with Suspected Diabetic Sensorimotor Neuropathy 17. Oral Symptomatic Therapies in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy 18. Peripheral Arterial Diseases 19. Stages of Peripheral Arterial Disease 20. Chronic Critical Ischemia 21. Classification of Peripheral Arterial Disease 22. Interpretation of the Ankle-brachial Index 23. Computed Tomography Scan Angiogram of Lower Limbs 24. Transcutaneous Oxygen Monitor 25. Clinical Symptoms of Neuropathic and Ischemic Foot Ulcers 26. Neuroischemic Diabetic Foot (Mixed) 27. Diabetic Foot Infections 28. Risk Factors for Infection 29. Three Most Important Clinical Categories of Infections 30. Cellulitis 31. Deep Soft Tissue Infection 32. Chronic Osteomyelitis 33. Criteria for Diagnosis of Osteomyelitis 34. Typical Features of Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis on Plain X-rays 35. Classification and Severity of Infection 36. Indications of Worsening Infection 37. Characteristics Suggesting a More Serious Diabetic Foot Infection and Potential Indications for Hospitalization 38. Factors that May Influence Choices of Antibiotics Therapy for Diabetic Foot Infections (Specific Agents, Route of Administration, Duration of Therapy) 39. Factors Potentially Favoring Selecting Either Primarily Antibiotics or Surgical Resection for Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis 40. Antibiotic Regimens for Mild, Moderate, and Severe Diabetic Foot Infections 41. Duration of Treatment for Infected Diabetic Foot 42. Wagner Classification 43. PEDIS Classification 44. The University of Texas Classification 45. SINDBAD Classification 46. Lower Extremity Threatened Limb Classification System 47. Ischemia: Clinical Category 48. Foot Infection: Clinical Category 49. Simple Staging of the Diabetic Foot 50. Consider the Whole Patient and not the Hole in the Patient to Ensure Effective Care of the Foot Ulcer 51. Foot Examination 52. Ulcer Assessment 53. Wound Bed 54. Examination of Edge, Wall, and Base 55. A Summary of the Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcer 56. Local Wound Treatment 57. Role of Debridement in Ulcer Management 58. Debridement Methods and Its Characteristics 59. Summary of Indications for Different Dressings/Devices 60. Ulcer Healing 61. Surgical Intervention in Severe Cases where Abnormal Pressure Distribution is Causing Persistent and Nonresolvable Ulceration 62. Biomechanics Factors and Footwear 63. Plantar Pressure Reduction 64. Footwear and Offloading for the Diabetic Foot: An Evidence-based Guideline 65. General Guide to Footwear Based on Risk Status 66. Examination of the Insensate Diabetic Foot 67. The Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Outcome and Management 68. Global Burden of Limb Amputation 69. Preventing Diabetic Foot Amputation 70. Nonulcerative Pathology of Ulcers 71. Social Factors of the Diabetic Foot 72. Time is Tissue in the Diabetic Foot 73. Pathway to