Risk Management in Outer Space Activities assesses selected risks associated with space activities, from an Australian and New Zealand perspective. The book explores the rise of commercial space activities and considers the development of Australia and New Zealand’s regulatory frameworks, and how they are equipped to address new and emerging risks in the space sector. The book examines the juxtaposition of international space law against the domestic legal regimes of Australia and New Zealand, and how these regulatory frameworks are designed to create governance mechanisms to control space risk. Both national jurisdictions approach space risk from the perspective of liability and international legal obligations, but as a result of their different historical space trajectories, their risk approaches differ. This is illustrated by research that suggests that from an Australian point of view, much of its space industry development has been influenced by Cold War era military and national security concerns. On the other hand, the New Zealand perspective is grounded on the rapid market-led commercial development that is currently underway in the country. The book examines a variety of risks that can and do emerge in the course of undertaking space activities. It does this by presenting a series of space risk case studies. There are chapters devoted to examining commercial space risks, space insurance, the risks posed by space debris, cybersecurity and space assets, light pollution as a risk for astronomy and the risks inherent in landing objects on the Moon. The work contained in this book is intended to provide a clear, practical and informed approach to understanding risk management in outer space activities. It will appeal to policy makers, risk professionals, space lawyers, national space agencies as well as academics, researchers and students

This book shares a range of new and diverse insights on On-Orbit Servicing (OOS), and examines its implications especially from political, legal, economic, and security perspectives. OSS has been evolving rapidly and presents both challenges and opportunities, such as in-space repairs, refuelling, refurbishment of spacecraft and servicing satellites, which could play a critical role in extending satellite lifecycles, while also representing a valuable next step in debris mitigation. At the same time, many legal questions have arisen in connection with OOS: the need to prevent hostile actions under the pretext of OSS; the distinction between governmental and non-governmental OOS operators; the status of re-worked and recycled space objects; the issue of control in terms of operations performed in orbit, i.e., in the international sphere; the status of objects manufactured in orbit and applicable law, including liability and registration; and the impacts on insurance law and risk management. Finally, the book examines the implications of OOS for emerging space actors in the Global South, and recommends a paradigm shift to help developing countries fully recognise the necessity and urgency of being involved in discussions on OSS, as opposed to leaving it up to the developed space actors. This book will be of great interest to practitioners, academics, and students working in the space sector and related fields.

Radiation protection standards for space activities differ substantially from those applied to terrestrial working situations. The levels of radiation and subsequent hazards to which space workers are exposed are quite unlike anything found on Earth. The new more highly refined system of risk management involves assessing the risk to each space worker from all sources of radiation (occupational and non-occupational) at the organ level. The risk coefficients were applied to previous space and medical exposures (diagnostic x ray and nuclear medicine procedures) in order to estimate the radiation-induced lifetime cancer incidence and mortality risk. At present, the risk from medical procedures when compared to space activities is 14 times higher for cancer incidence and 13 times higher for cancer mortality; however, this will change as the per capita dose during Space Station Freedom and interplanetary missions increases and more is known about the risks from exposure to high-LET radiation. Peterson, Leif E. and Nachtwey, D. Stuart Johnson Space Center ...

As space applications become central to modern interaction, more and more entities are becoming involved in space activities. Consequently, strategies to establish the coordinated, ethically justifiable and sustainable conduct of space activities have to be found. Such an endeavour requires addressing current questions regarding the use of space, dealing with fair rules in orbit and discussing the way towards achieving truly global engagement on space security issues. The book outlines the current situation and identifies key challenges from the policy perspective. Taking this one step further, it also formulates principles and recommendations for global action. Nineteen eminent personalities from the space sector have united for this project, which is based on a conference organised at the European Space Policy Institute (ESPI) in November 2008 in Vienna.

This book is devoted to a systemic study of socio-economic development risks arising in the Decade of Action, as well as the prospects for risk management in support of sustainable development. It aims to overcome fragmentary consideration of risks in the existing literature through their comprehensive coverage and the establishment of their interconnections from the perspective of sustainable development. The novelty of this book is that it provides a comprehensive accounting of socio-economic development risks in the Decade of Action, as well as a rethinking of these risks from a sustainable development perspective. The book also opens up the possibility of the most comprehensive and effective risk management in support of sustainable development. The practical relevance of the book stems from the fact that it describes and discusses practical experience in detail and accompanies the theoretical material with numerous case studies, including cases and frameworks with extensive coverage of international best practices. The book is intended for scholars, for whom the book forms a systemic scientific view of the risks of socio-economic development arising in the Decade of Action, as well as the prospects for risk management in support of sustainable development. The book is also of interest to practitioners, for whom it offers practical advice on risk management at all levels of the economy for sustainable development. Many examples from different countries make the book attractive to a wide international audience. The book is of particular interest to readers from Russia.