A review of machining damage effects in beryllium was made. Surface damage is caused by twinning and microcracking as a result of various machining operations. Twinning is a result of surface working while microcracks initiate at intersections of twins and grain boundaries, at twin-matrix interfaces, at impurity particles, and in heavily twinned regions. These phenomena may be due to residual stresses in wrought products as well as machining parameters such as tool type, feed, and speed and depth of cut. The loss of mechanical properties due to machining damage is reviewed. Also presented is a study of surface damage actually encountered with machining of the shingles for the Gemini spacecraft.

Research and development in the field of high-strength stainless steels appears to be directed along two principal paths: (1) the development of alloys with improved strength properties and (2) the accumulation of information on the properties and physical metallurgy of existing alloys so that they may be used more effectively. By and large, the development of new alloys is being carried out by the stainless-steel producers, while the accumulation of property data for the most part is being undertaken on Government contracts. (Author).