This PDF can be downloaded for free from http://martenscentre.eu/publications/rethinking-bomb-europe-and-nuclear-weapons-twenty-first-century The question of what Europe's nuclear strategy should be is rarely discussed. While Europe continues to play a crucial role on issues relating to non-proliferation, particularly in negotiations with Iran over its nuclear programme, nuclear strategy is generally considered to be within remit of Russia, the United States and NATO. The paper identifies possible scenarios where the deployment of nuclear weapons may be justified. It also examines the use of tactical nuclear weapons, traditional means of arms control and the implications of a nuclear Iran. The author establishes a compelling case for the immediate development of a coherent European nuclear strategy. This strategy should take into account the role of nuclear weapons in maintaining peace and security in modern Europe. While conceding that during periods of financial and political crisis dialogue may not be considered a priority, the author maintains that it is essential in order to limit the risk of proliferation or the use of nuclear weapons.

This book discusses the nuclear dilemma from various countries' points of view: from Japan, Korea, the Middle East, and others. The final chapter proposes a new solution for the nonproliferation treaty review.

In these 10 essays, 5 European and 5 American political and religious leaders examine the ethics of possessing and using nuclear weapons. They appraise the policy of nuclear deterrence. Protestant and Catholic viewpoints are represented. There are disagreements on details and differences in emphasis on positions and policies. There is general agreement on the moral legitimacy and political necessity of the Western alliance. Essay and authors are: "Four Decades with Nuclear Arms" (Stephen Haseler); "Toward a Responsible Policy" (Sven F. Kraemer); "War and Peace in the Nuclear Age" (Erwin Wilkens); "A Crisis of Faith" (Richard John Neuhaus); "The German Churches Speak Out" (Wolfhart Pannenberg); "The U.S. Catholic Bishops and Nuclear Arms" (J. Bryan Hehir); "The U.S. Catholic Bishops and Soviet Reality" (Michael Novak); "Nuclear Pacifism and True Peace" (Frans A.M. Alting von Geusau); "NATO and 'First Use'" (Robert A. Gessert); "Christian Morality and Nuclear Arms" (Edward R. Norman). A bibliography is included. (JP)