The Public-Private Partnership Operational Plan 2012-2020 provides a consistent analytical and operational framework for scaling up public-private partnerships (PPPs) in support of Strategy 2020. The PPP operations of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) are based on four pillars: (i) advocacy and capacity development, (ii) enabling environment, (iii) project development, and (iv) project financing. Applying PPP principles holistically to ADB operations holds the potential to vastly improve the quality of design and outputs of PPP projects in support of Strategy 2020 targets. It also provides ADB with an opportunity to significantly leverage its limited resources in attracting private sector investments and commercial financing to meet the Asia and Pacific region's huge and growing infrastructure investment needs.

Investment in infrastructure can be a driving force of the economic recovery in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of shrinking fiscal space. Public-private partnerships (PPP) bring a promise of efficiency when carefully designed and managed, to avoid creating unnecessary fiscal risks. But fiscal illusions prevent an understanding the sources of fiscal risks, which arise in all infrastructure projects, and that in PPPs present specific characteristics that need to be addressed. PPP contracts are also affected by implicit fiscal risks when they are poorly designed, particularly when a government signs a PPP contract for a project with no financial sustainability. This paper reviews the advantages and inconveniences of PPPs, discusses the fiscal illusions affecting them, identifies a diversity of fiscal risks, and presents the essentials of PPP fiscal risk management.

The Government of Pakistan strongly supports public–private partnership (PPP) initiatives. From 1990 to 2019, Pakistan witnessed 108 financially closed PPP projects, with a total investment of approximately $28.4 billion. About 88% of these projects are in the energy sector, attracting more than $24.7billion, followed by investments in the port sector. In early 2021, Parliament approved the amendments to the 2017 PPP Law, enacting the Public Private Partnership Authority (Amendment) Act 2021. This further strengthens the enabling legal and regulatory framework for developing and implementing PPPs, thereby promoting private sector investment in public infrastructure and related services.

Asian cities are central to economic development but are perceived to be wealthy yet chaotic places. Burdened by congestion, inequality, and fragmented interventions, these urban systems remain relatively weak. However, their rapid growth and wealth provide an opportunity to usher in inclusive and environmentally sustainable economic growth. Transforming the archetypically chaotic, polluted, inequitable Asian city into a "livable city" requires a new approach to city development. This publication addresses the environmental (green), equity (inclusiveness), and economic (competitiveness) issues, and sets out future direction toward efficient, sustainable, and equitable development of cities.

The publication guides the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in meeting the recommendations of the midterm review of the ADB Strategy 2020 to provide increased emphasis on food security and agriculture productivity. The Plan, which builds on the earlier Operational Plan for Sustainable Food Security in Asia and the Pacific (2010–2014), focuses ADB agriculture and natural resources (ANR) sector operations in four priority areas: (i) increasing the productivity and reducing pre- and postharvest losses of food crops; (ii) improving market connectivity and value chain linkages; (iii) enhancing food safety, quality, and nutrition; and (iv) enhancing management and climate resilience of natural resources. The outcome will be improved focus and quality of ADB ANR operations in meeting developing member country needs toward safe, nutritious, and affordable food for all.

Through the introduction of a new lens through which to view infrastructure finance policy, this book analyses the role of Public Private Partnerships within the context of long-term capital investment and improvement planning, and as a critical aspect of effective long-term capital infrastructure finance policy.