This report stems in part from the publication of the book ¿Aid During Conflict: Interaction Between Military and Civilian Assistance Providers in Afghanistan, September 2001-June 2002.¿ On the occasion of the publication of that work, a conference was held on Oct. 25, 2004, that focused on the impact Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs) have had on the recurring themes in civil-military relations addressed in the monograph. This report is based on the presentations and discussions that took place during that conference. Map.

This report is based on extensive interviews conducted with American and foreign officials, soldiers, and representatives of non-governmental organizations that worked directly with Provincial Reconstruction Teams in Afghanistan. It also reflects interviews conducted with a broad range of contacts during the author¿s visit to Afghanistan in June 2005. The report discusses lessons identified by those who served in Afghanistan. It is intended as a training aid for developing programs that prepare American personnel for service in peace and stability operations. The Assoc. for Diplomatic Studies and Training conducted the interviews.