Contents:Aids (R C Gallo & G de The)Energy (H Yuping, V G Baryakhtar & E P Velikhov)Land, Ocean, Atmosphere (E Boschi, T Laevastu, J K D Söderman, A Longhetto, M-X Wang, Q-C Zeng & A Y Wong)International Cooperation on Defence Systems (ICDS) (H F Cooper, A G Basistov, T Cremins, E Teller, G M Chernavskii, A Mak, L Wood, B V Bunkin, G H Canavan, A Piontkowsky, A A Kuz'min & S P Worden)Proliferation of Weapons for Mass Destruction (WMD) (A Zichichi, R T Andrews, V Baryakhtar, D A Kay, Y Ne'eman & E Teller)Science and Technology for Developing and Developed Countries (T D Lee)Problems Relating to the CIS and Other Eastern European Countries (V Baryakhtar, J Pozela, K K Rebane & Z Rudzikas)Soil, Food and Improvement of Modern Life (G Fierotti, R A Clark, C Ponnamperuma, M Grätzel & J M Borthagaray) Readership:Scientists in all fields, universities and institutes in all fields of science — politicians and decision makers � ministries of science, interior and security, foreign affairs — international organisations.

Proceedings of the 48th Session of the International Seminars on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies held in Erice, Sicily. This Seminar has again gathered, in 2015, over one hundred scientists from 43 countries in an interdisciplinary effort that has been going on for the last 32 years, to examine and analyze planetary problems which had been followed up, all year long, by the World Federation of Scientists' Permanent Monitoring Panels.

Proceedings of the 46th Session of the International Seminars on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies held in Erice, Sicily. This Seminar has again gathered, in 2013, over 100 scientists from 43 countries in an interdisciplinary effort that has been going on for the last 32 years, to examine and analyze planetary problems which had been followed up, all year long, by the World Federation of Scientists' Permanent Monitoring Panels.

The proceedings have been selected for coverage in:

The Erice International Seminars are multidisciplinary seminars attended by over 100 eminent participants from all fields of science. Each year, a few scientific issues are selected and experts are invited to present contrasting views during the plenary multidisciplinary sessions of the seminar, followed by general debates. These sessions offer a unique opportunity for specialists to enlarge their vision of their related fields by being confronted with ideas and suggestions from high-level scientists in complementary domains of science. Associated workshops allow the experts to further refine and process the ideas evoked during the seminar. This year's topics are all actual. For instance, on climate issues we have focused on the management of a global warming and on new theoretical alternatives to climate modeling. On global monitoring of the planet, we have focused on the US missile defence shield, the energy externalities and waste disposal and the historical dive by Dr Chilingarov on the North Pole shelf. On the medical side, we have investigated the Alzheimer epidemics and the role of infectious agents in cancer.

This proceedings volume contains presentations, group discussions and reports on terrorism-related issues, such as: motivations; toots and countermeasures; worldwide stability; risk analysis.

Full Title: Water OCo Pollution, Biotechnology OCo Transgenic Plant Vaccine, Energy, Black Sea Pollution, AIDS OCo Mother-Infant HIV Transmission, Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy, Limits of Development OCo Megacities, Missile Proliferation and Defense OCo Information Security, Cosmic Objects, Desertification, Carbon Sequestration and Sustainability, Climatic Changes, Global Monitoring of Planet, Mathematics and Democracy, Science and Journalism, Permanent Monitoring Panel Reports, Water for Megacities Workshop, Black Sea Workshop, Transgenic Plants Workshop, Research Resources Workshop, Mother-Infant HIV Transmission Workshop, Sequestration and Desertification Workshop, Focus Africa Workshop. Contents: Opening Session (T D Lee, K M B Siegbahn, A Zichichi, J K-C Ma, D Bodansky, R G Will, W P T James, C M Wilfert, A D Lopez & L G Everett); Water OCo Pollution (A A Keller, S M Hassanizadeh & D I Norman); Biotechnology OCo Transgenic Plant Vaccine (F Sala, R-X Fang, J-P Kraehenbuhl & C J Arntzen); Energy (J Ongena, A Yu Gagarinski & Y P Huo); Pollution OCo Black Sea (V I Mikhailov, I Salihoglu & K Thompson); AIDS OCo Mother-Infant HIV Transmission (G de Th(r), F Barre-Sinoussi, M F Rea, H Pratomo & L Wood); Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy (P Brown & M Ricketts); Limits of Development OCo Megacities (W J Cosgrove, K C Sivaramakrishnan, J M Borthagaray & G G Serra); Missile Proliferation and Defense OCo Information Security (L Wood, V Tsigichko, A Kroutskikh, A Lehmann, A Piontkovsky & G Canavan); Cosmic Objects (W F Huebner, A Cellino, A F Cheng & J M Greenberg); Desertification, Carbon Sequestration and Sustainability (N J Rosenberg & L L Tiezen); Climatic Changes OCo Cosmic Objects, Global Monitoring of Planet, Mathematics and Democracy, Science and Journalism (T Dyson, W M Washington, R Walgate, K C Sivaramakrishnan & D R O Morrison); Permanent Monitoring Panel Reports (K M B Siegbahn, D Johnson, R Ragaini, Z Rudzikas, G Palshin, H Schubert, J Pozela & G de Th(r)); Megacities Workshop OCo Water as a Limit to Development (W J Cosgrove, J M Borthagaray, A G Pozo, G G Serra, P F Ricci, K C Sivaramakrishnan, I A Amer & G O Rogers); Workshop on Environmental Impacts of Oil Pollution in the Black Sea (R Ragaini, V Mikhailov, L Mirianashvili, I Salihoglu, K Thompson, E Okandan, D Dorogan & V Ragaini); Transgenic Plants as Vaccines: Impact on Developing Countries Workshop (G Levi, C J Arntzen, M Pezzotti, J-P Kraehenbuhl, J K-C Ma, Z Eshhar, Z-K Xu, R-X Fang & F Sala); Research Resources Workshop (W Sprigg, P Uhlir & G Tallia); Mother-Infant HIV Transmission Workshop (G de Th(r), C M Wilfert, H Pratomo, M F Rea, R ZetterstrAm, D Birx & A Coutsoudis); Linking the Conventions: Soil Carbon Sequestration and Desertification Control Workshop (L Olsson & P Bartel); Limits of Development: Focus Africa (C A Reynolds, J F Kuka, M Farah & M Diop). Readership: Ecologists, meteorologists, biotechnologists, AIDS researchers, doctors, physicists and social scientists."