This proceedings book provides selections from the 2023 Topical Issues in International Political Geography (TIPG) meeting. This gathering addresses the main issues of contemporary political geography and international relations, providing a platform for discussion and collaboration between an international array of experts primarily in the fields of Political Geography, Geopolitics, and International Relations. The first section of this volume focuses on international relations, addressing issues such as multipolarity, small states, transport cooperation, politico-geographical processes, and international security in the context of geographic space. Building on these spatially rooted themes, section two presents contributions that focus on the dual processes of globalization or regionalism. Authors of these chapters use historical frameworks to interrogate the nation state, ideology, identity, symbolisms, sovereignty, and memory. In section three, the focus narrows to specific domestic policies--such as those related to gender, public services, elections, and corruption prevention--situated in contemporary conversations about digital transformations. Section four turns to instruments of cultural policy, examining tourism and (in a new addition in response to developments in the field) education. Similarly, section five introduces a theme new to the conference: migration and socio-demographic processes. These chapters evaluate national, regional, and local aspects of migration and multiculturalism. The final section turns to the still-pressing theme of sustainable development, taking up case studies of nations and international organizations grappling with questions about sustainable growth, political ecology, and environmental culture. The content of the book will be interesting to experts, academics, and students.

This proceedings book addresses the main issues of contemporary political geography and international relations, providing a platform for discussion and collaboration of experts in the fields of Political Geography, Geopolitics, International Relations, etc. Participants from all over the world consider the controversies and challenges posed by globalization, focusing, in particular, on the ideologies of globalization and regionalism, migration crises, prevention of ethnic conflicts, and measures to promote sustainable development. The content of the book may be interesting to expert community, academics and popular audience.

This proceedings book addresses the main issues of contemporary political geography and international relations, providing a platform for discussion and collaboration of experts in the fields of Political Geography, Geopolitics, International Relations, and International Law. Participants from all over the world consider the controversies and challenges posed by globalization, focusing, in particular, on the ideologies of globalization and regionalism, migration crises, prevention of ethnic conflicts, and measures to counteract racism, xenophobia, and extremism.

The presented book covers the questions of the UPSC Civil Services Examination of General Studies in Topic-wise solved Papers of the last 28 years (1995-2022) & CSAT (2011-2022). All chapters have been prepared according to the previous year’s UPSC Civil Services Prelims Paper-I & Il. The book has also been incorporated with Information & Instructions for Civil Services Exams; Plan & Schemes of Examinations, Tips & Strategies along with Time Management for Civil Services Exams Preparation. Explanations are error free as well as precise. Asked questions are arranged in topics such as History of India, Physical, Indian & World Geography, Indian Polity & Governance, Economic & Social Development, General Issues on Environment, Ecology, Bio-diversity & Climate Change, General Science, General Knowledge and Current Events. In CSAT question papers are categorised such as General Comprehension, Interpersonal Skills, Communication & Decision Making, Basic Numeracy, Mental Ability, Analytical & Logical Reasoning and English Language. The book also provides list of 31 Years UPSC Main Essay Questions Papers Section-wise along with 350+ Probable Essay Topics. This book provides an idea of nature of questions asked in the previous year’s exams. COVERS: « Important Information & Instructions for IAS Exam Plan & Schemes of Examinations (Prelims & Main) New Syllabus for Prelims & Main (GS) Tips & Strategies for Civil Services Exams Preparation Trend Analysis: Cut-off Marks-Year & Category-wise (PT & Main) Trend Analysis: Questions asked —Subject-wise & Year-wise Sources for Prelims & Main Exams Preparation

Dating from its inception in the late nineteenth century, political geography as a field has been heavily influenced by global events of the time. Thus, rather than trying to impose a single “fashionable” theory, leading geographers John Agnew and Luca Muscarà consider the underlying role of changing geopolitical context as their framework for understanding the evolution of the discipline. The authors trace the development of key thinkers and theories during three distinct periods—1875–1945, the Cold War, and the post–Cold War—emphasizing the ongoing struggle between theoretical “monism” and “pluralism,” or one path to knowledge versus many. The world has undergone dramatic shifts since the book’s first publication in 2002, and this thoroughly revised and updated second edition focuses especially on reinterpretations of the post–Cold War period. Agnew and Muscarà explore the renewed questioning of international borders, the emergence of the Middle East and displacement of Europe as the center of global geopolitics, the rise of China and other new powers, the reappearance of environmental issues, and the development of critical geopolitics. With its deeply knowledgeable and balanced history and overview of the field, this concise work will be a valuable and flexible text for all courses in political geography.

Brilliant and engagingly written, Why Nations Fail answers the question that has stumped the experts for centuries: Why are some nations rich and others poor, divided by wealth and poverty, health and sickness, food and famine? Is it culture, the weather, geography? Perhaps ignorance of what the right policies are? Simply, no. None of these factors is either definitive or destiny. Otherwise, how to explain why Botswana has become one of the fastest growing countries in the world, while other African nations, such as Zimbabwe, the Congo, and Sierra Leone, are mired in poverty and violence? Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson conclusively show that it is man-made political and economic institutions that underlie economic success (or lack of it). Korea, to take just one of their fascinating examples, is a remarkably homogeneous nation, yet the people of North Korea are among the poorest on earth while their brothers and sisters in South Korea are among the richest. The south forged a society that created incentives, rewarded innovation, and allowed everyone to participate in economic opportunities. The economic success thus spurred was sustained because the government became accountable and responsive to citizens and the great mass of people. Sadly, the people of the north have endured decades of famine, political repression, and very different economic institutions—with no end in sight. The differences between the Koreas is due to the politics that created these completely different institutional trajectories. Based on fifteen years of original research Acemoglu and Robinson marshall extraordinary historical evidence from the Roman Empire, the Mayan city-states, medieval Venice, the Soviet Union, Latin America, England, Europe, the United States, and Africa to build a new theory of political economy with great relevance for the big questions of today, including: - China has built an authoritarian growth machine. Will it continue to grow at such high speed and overwhelm the West? - Are America’s best days behind it? Are we moving from a virtuous circle in which efforts by elites to aggrandize power are resisted to a vicious one that enriches and empowers a small minority? - What is the most effective way to help move billions of people from the rut of poverty to prosperity? More philanthropy from the wealthy nations of the West? Or learning the hard-won lessons of Acemoglu and Robinson’s breakthrough ideas on the interplay between inclusive political and economic institutions? Why Nations Fail will change the way you look at—and understand—the world.