This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1916 edition. Excerpt: ...after shipment when the same was not inspected at the mines. Besides individual contracts, the mpst specific standardization of Illinois and other middle west bituminous coals in regard to the percentage of noncombustible or nearly noncombustible impurities allowable has been used by several railroads drawing their supply from mines in the territory mentioned. Through the kindness of C. G. Hall, Secretary-Treasurer, Int. Rwy. Fuel Assoc., figures of the limits or removable impurities as allowed by these railroads have been secured (see Table 7). Table 8 shows the amounts of different impurities, etc., which are allowed to remain in the coal in the standard preparation of Pennsylvania anthracite, ! and is given for comparison with Table 7. TABLE 8. Impurities Allowed With Standard Anthracite Practice. tBone equals product of between 40 to 55 per cent of carbon. PART IV. BREAKAGE. Bituminous coals vary from 0.5 to 2.0 on Mohr's scale of hardness.! They are, as a rule, decidedly brittle and friable, tending to break into more or less cubical blocks, depending on physical structure, such as frequency of bedding laminae or planes of stratification, and development of cleat or vertical cleavage. Cleat may be defined as the tendency for the coal to break into more or less cubical blocks along vertical or highly inclined planes either parallel or normal to the face of the coal. Inspection Specifications, Proc. 5th Annual Convention, Int. Rwy. Fuel Assoc., 1913, p. 28. tPaul Sterling, "Preparation of Anthracite." T. A. I. M. E., 1911, p. 757. JHenry Lewis, "The Dressing of Minerals." p. 8. Natural Physical Factors Causing Breakage in Illinois Coal.--Illinois coal may be considered comparatively hard, rather porous, more or less...

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