Das Buch stellt Modelle für die Messung von Hard- undSoftfacts vor, sowie praxisnahe Beispiele und Lessons Learned ausverschiedenen Branchen. Die Beispiele liefern ein Toolset, aus demman sich Messwerkzeuge und Optimierungsideen für das eigeneUnternehmen heraussuchen kann.

Intimesofdecliningeconomicgrowth,companieshavetocontroltheircostsmore than ever to saveresources needed in the future. Regardless of the economic size of the company, the processes of production and logistics play a decisive role in stabilizing procedures and avoiding waste. Both are important cost drivers in manufacturing companies and therefore they o?er large potential savings. Pervasive networking in the last years has contributed to a hitherto unknown transparency of global markets. This harmonization opened up new possibilities of entering foreign markets for procurement and sales to the companies. The emerging global procurement strategy was understood as a chance to rethink the relocation of existing production facilities to pro?t from existing di?erences in price and performance as a resource-saving factor. Many companies tended towards a reduction of their vertical integration by outsourcing sections of their value chain. These contracted services of production result in higher transport volumes, increased complexity of supply processes and new requirements on - gistic networks. This trend of outsourcing has not stopped, but is slowing down noticeably. Additionally,thereisanincreasingproportionofcompaniesrestoring business units that were outsourced before. Reasons for turning back decisions are often to be found in missed goals. It is not unusual that important cost f- tors were disregarded in the original basis of decision-making. In the meantime many companies have realized that it is easier to achieve stability of processes and therewith a control of costs by increasing their own contribution to p- duction. Especially in times of under-utilized capacities like in the current crisis, insourcingcanbeastrategicoption.

Seitdem die Vereinten Nationen die Verwirklichung eines weltweiten nachhaltigen Entwicklungsprozesses propagiert haben, hat sich eine umfangreiche Nachhaltigkeitsforschung (Sustainability Research) herausgebildet. Es wird untersucht, wie die drei Komponenten der Nachhaltigkeit, die soziale, die ökologische und die ökonomische Nachhaltigkeit, umgesetzt werden können. Aus der Vielzahl der Forschungsbeiträge zum Thema Nachhaltigkeit wird im vorliegenden Band eine Auswahl präsentiert, die im Einflussbereich der Herausgeber der Schriftenreihe "Lingener Studien zu Management und Technik" bis zum Jahr 2019 entstand.

Equilibria protect against crisis. All disciplines of sciences have the objective to create equilibria. But economics are not successful in this point. Here a simple equilibrium model based on a wage-price-rule is demonstrated. Economics are able to create economic equilibria by using this rule. But in economic systems there are a lot of rules, especially in accounting, which make economic equilibria impossible. These rules must be changed. If it is possible to create economic equilibria, the side-effect is the realization of economic sustainability.

The book researches the use of a semantic wiki in the area of IT Service Management within the IT department of an SME. An emphasis of the book lies in the design and prototypical implementation of tools for the integration of ITSM-relevant information into the semantic wiki, as well as tools for interactions between the wiki and external programs. The result of the book is a platform for agile, semantic wiki-based ITSM for IT administration teams of SMEs.

The energy industry worldwide is facing one of the most profound changes in its history, which will be accompanied by breakthrough innovations and the exponentially evolving use of artificial intelligence in business processes. In addition to the use of artificial intelligence and AI-supported unmanned systems (on land, at sea and in the air), distributed-ledger-technologies, extended reality and 3D-print based on cyber-physical systems and the Internet of Things, as well as process mining, robotic process automation, data science and cloud computing, for example, will not only decisively shape a sustainable energy supply system in the future, but also accelerate the transformation to energy industry 4.0. At the same time, the increasingly strong networking (smart grid, smart meter, smart home, smart city) of the energy industry and its environment is associated with a growing risk potential, which must be expanded in the future as part of a high-quality cyber resilience, in particular through the use of artificial intelligence. Without the development and use of innovations and artificial intelligence in the context of increasingly digitized business processes, there is a risk that neither the energy transition can be successfully implemented nor climate change combated. In addition to the fundamentals of the classic, primarily analog energy industry, the publication addresses the possible paradigm shift that will be characterized by innovations, disruptive technologies and digital business models in the energy industry.