Rotating machinery (eg pumps, motors, compressors) is normally manufactured to precise measurements but there comes a point when the costs of manufacture mean that further precision is not cost-effective and thus any slight imbalance inherent in the machine will need to be attended to after manufacture. When such machinery is in operation, often at very high speeds of thousands of revs per minute, any imbalance will set up vibration and often noise. In addition, such imbalance will cause extra wear and loss of efficiency in the machine. The answer is to balance the affected parts of the machine so that it operates smoothly and efficiently.This book is a practical account of such balancing techniques e.g how to balance a rotor, how to set up and verify performance of a balancing machine, and procedures for on-site balancing. In addition, other common causes of vibration will be covered e.g. misalignment, bad bearings and looseness.This book is the distillation of a successful course run by the author and developed over 20 years. University engineering departments do not teach balancing techniques beyond the very basic, and there is a need for educators and engineers to have a practical book available on the topic.·A practical book which will help the reader understand the importance of balance in today's high technology world·Outlines the history of dynamic balancing and other vibration reduction techniques·Profusely illustrated throughout

A theoretical and practical understanding of unbalance and misalignment in rotating equipment is presented here. These two conditions account for the vast majority of problems with rotating equipment encountered in the real world.;Numerous examples and solutions are included to assist in understanding the various concepts. Included is information on vibration and how it is used to determine the operational integrity of rotating machinery. Also detailed are the relationships between various vibration characteristics which provide an understanding of the forces generated within operating machinery when conditions of unbalance and misalignment are present. Resonance and beat frequencies are detailed along with sources and cures.;Also covered are proper inspection procedures, single plane and dual plane methods of balancing rotating equipment, the three circle method of balancing slow speed fans, advanced rim and face method of precision alignment, and the reverse indicator method of alignment plus much more to fortify the learning experience.

Modern rotating machinery, particularly turbomachinery, is frequently being designed to operate at higher speeds than in the past. Consequently, there is an increased need to balance high-speed rotors. The purpose of this book is to provide the engineering student or practicing engineer with a single, complete reference on high-speed rotor balancing. To this end, a detailed analytical background and practical application procedures are presented for each of the principal high-speed rotor balancing methods, i.e. modal balancing, influence coefficient balancing and the Unified Balancing Approach. This information is supplemented and supported through a presentation of the theoretical development of synchronous rotor vibration and a brief overview of rigid rotor balancing techniques and machines. This is the first time this material is available in a single, concise volume, together with detailed descriptions of application procedures.

This book opens with an explanation of the vibrations of a single degree-of-freedom (dof) system for all beginners. Subsequently, vibration analysis of multi-dof systems is explained by modal analysis. Mode synthesis modeling is then introduced for system reduction, which aids understanding in a simplified manner of how complicated rotors behave. Rotor balancing techniques are offered for rigid and flexible rotors through several examples. Consideration of gyroscopic influences on the rotordynamics is then provided and vibration evaluation of a rotor-bearing system is emphasized in terms of forward and backward whirl rotor motions through eigenvalue (natural frequency and damping ratio) analysis. In addition to these rotordynamics concerning rotating shaft vibration measured in a stationary reference frame, blade vibrations are analyzed with Coriolis forces expressed in a rotating reference frame. Other phenomena that may be assessed in stationary and rotating reference frames include stability characteristics due to rotor internal damping and instabilities due to asymmetric shaft stiffness and thermal unbalance behavior.

A practical course in the fundamentals of machinery diagnostics for anyone who works with rotating machinery, from operator to manager, from design engineer to machinery diagnostician. This comprehensive book thoroughly explains and demystifies important concepts needed for effective machinery malfunction diagnosis: (A) Vibration fundamentals: vibration, phase, and vibration vectors. (B) Data plots: timebase, average shaft centerline, polar, Bode, APHT, spectrum, trend XY, and the orbit. (C) Rotor dynamics: the rotor model, dynamic stiffness, modes of vibration, anisotropic (asymmetric) stiffness, stability analysis, torsional and axial vibration, and basic balancing. Modern root locus methods (pioneered by Walter R. Evans) are used throughout this book. (D) Malfunctions: unbalance, rotor bow, high radial loads, misalignment, rub and looseness, fluid-induced instability, and shaft cracks. Hundreds of full-color illustrations explain key concepts, and several detailed case studies show how these concepts were used to solve real machinery problems. A comprehensive glossary of diagnostic terms is included.

Shows how to use state-of-the-art instrumentation - transducers and fast fourier transform (FFT) specturm analyzers - to monitor machine conditions using the vibration signature.

Rotating machinery is the heart of many industrial operations, but many engineers and technicians perform shaft alignment by guesswork or with limited knowledge of the tools and methods available to accurately and effectively align their machinery. Two decades ago, John Piotrowski conferred upon the field an unprecedented tool: the first edition of