Index Chapter-1 : Historical Context and Background Chapter-2 : Constituent Assembly Formation Chapter-3 : Distinguishing Characteristics of the Indian Constitution Chapter-4 : The Constitution: Foundation of a Nation Chapter-5 : Preamble of the Indian Constitution Chapter-6 : Union and its Geographical Boundaries Chapter-7 : Indian Citizenship: Rights and Responsibilities Chapter-8 : Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution Chapter-9 : Directive Principles of State Policy Chapter-10 :Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution Chapter-11 :Amendment Process of the Indian Constitution Chapter-12 :Development of the Fundamental Structure Doctrine in India Chapter-13 :Parliamentary System in India Chapter-14 :India's System of Federalism Chapter-15 :Interactions Between the Centre and States in India Chapter-16 :Relations Among States in India Chapter-17 :Provisions for Emergencies in the Indian Constitution (Part-1) Chapter-17 :Electing the President of India (Part-2) Chapter-18 :Vice President of India Chapter-19 :Governor in India Chapter-20: Prime Minister of India Chapter-21: Chief Minister in India's Parliamentary System Chapter-22: Cabinet of Ministers at the Central Level in India Chapter-23: Ministerial Council at the State Level in India Chapter-24 :The Indian Parliament Chapter-25 :Parliamentary Committees Chapter-26 : State Legislature in India Chapter-27 : Indian Parliamentary Group (IPG) Chapter-28 : Parliamentary Forums Chapter-29 : Supreme Court of India Chapter-30 : Public Interest Litigation (PIL) Chapter-31 : Judicial Activism in India Chapter-32 : Judicial Review in India Chapter-33 : High Courts in India Chapter-34 : Subordinate Courts in India Chapter-35 : Tribunals in India Chapter-36 : Panchayati Raj in India Chapter-37 : Urban Local Government (ULG) in India Chatper-38 : Union Territories Chapter-39 : Special Provisions for Some States in the Indian Constitution Chapter-40 : Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas in India Chapter-41 : The Election Commission of India Chapter-42 :Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) Chapter-43 : Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) Chapter-44 : State Public Service Commission Chapter-45 : Finance Commission Chapter-46 : Attorney General of India Chatper-47 : Advocate General of the State Chapter-48 : National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) Chapter-49 : National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) Chapter-50 : National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) Chapter-51 : Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities (Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities) Chapter-52 : Goods and Services Tax Council (GST Council) Chapter-53 : NITI Aayog Chapter-54 : National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) Chapter-55 : State Human Rights Commissions (SHRCs) Chapter-56 : Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) Chatper-57 : Central Information Commission (CIC) Chapter-58 : State Information Commission (SIC) Chapter-59 : Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) Chapter-60 : National Investigation Agency (NIA) Chatper-61 : Co-operative Societies Chatper-62 : National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) Chapter-63 : Law Commission of India Chapter-64 : Bar Council of India Chapter-65 : Delimitation in India Chapter-66 : Lokpal and Lokayuktas Chapter-67 : Official Language in the Indian Constitution Chapter-68 : Public Services in India Chapter-69 : Rights and Liabilities of the Government Chapter-70 : Special Provisions for Certain Classes Chapter-71 : Special Provisions for Some States Chatper-72 : National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) Chapter-73: Elections Chapter-74 : Election Laws Chapter-75 : Electoral Reforms in India Chapter-76 : Political Parties in India Chapter-77 : Role of Regional Parties in India Chapter-78 : Pressure Groups Chapter-79 : Anti-Defection Law in India Chapter-80 : Voting Behaviour Chapter-81 : Coalition Government Chapter-82 : National Integration in India Chapter-83 : Significant Supreme Court Judgments Chapter-84 : National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution (NCRWC) Chapter-85 : Indian Foreign Policy Join One to One Guidance Programme From Basic to Advance Charges 9999 Rs for 2 Years Whatsapp : 9267929744

PAGEOPH, stratosphere, these differences provide us with new evidence, interpretation of which can materially help to advance our understanding of stratospheric dynamics in general. It is now weil established that smaller-scale motions-in particular gravity waves and turbulence-are of fundamental importance in the general circulation of the mesosphere; they seem to be similarly, if less spectacularly, significant in the troposphere, and probably also in the stratosphere. Our understanding of these motions, their effects on the mean circulation and their mutual interactions is progressing rapidly, as is weil illustrated by the papers in this issue; there are reports of observational studies, especially with new instruments such as the Japanese MV radar, reviews of the state of theory, a laboratory study and an analysis of gravity waves and their effects in the high resolution "SKYHI" general circulation model. There are good reasons to suspect that gravity waves may be of crucial significance in making the stratospheric circulation the way it is (modeling experience being one suggestive piece of evidence for this). Direct observational proof has thus far been prevented by the difficulty of making observations of such scales of motion in this region; in one study reported here, falling sphere observations are used to obtain information on the structure and intensity of waves in the upper stratosphere.

Written About A.D. 1520 To 1522 And A.D. 1535 To 1537 Respectively.

The first-ever autobiography written by an Indian prime minister. Only once in a lifetime comes a book that simply must be read! An absorbing, authentic and definitive account, by a former prime minister, of crucial events that had a significant impact on the nation’s destiny after independence. I K Gujral has penned his life story in a forthright and candid manner. He entered the political fray as a freedom fighter in the British era, and after the tumultuous events that rocked the Indian subcontinent in the wake of the partition in August 1947, crossed over from Pakistan to India, where he had to begin life from scratch. Despite facing tremendous odds, on the basis of his perseverance, resilience and never-say-die attitude, Gujral’s achievements allowed him to witness and shape India’s contemporary history. Gujral joined Congress Party and was first elected to the Rajya Sabha in 1964. He was the Information and Broadcasting Minister when emergency was imposed, which entailed arbitrary press censorship. Since he refused to bow down to the de facto powers, he was unceremoniously replaced and later sent by Indira Gandhi as India’s ambassador to the USSR, a post he handled with commendable tact and finesse. After his stint in Moscow, he returned to India and re-entered the ‘political whirlpool’ by joining the Janata Dal. He became minister for external affairs under V P Singh (1989) and Deve Gowda (1996). Gujral reached the pinnacle of his career when he became the prime minister on 1997. During his priministership, despite the exigencies and pressures of running a coalition government, he endeavoured to achieve progress in many spheres. The Gujral Doctrine (a set of five principles to guide the conduct of foreign relations with India’s immediate neighbours) was widely acclaimed in both India and the West. This volume, a valuable addition to the literature on contemporary history, provides a deep insight into the political scene as it unfolded after independence and delineates the roles played by a wide spectrum of politicians, bureaucrats, and many others.