Socioeconomic study; with reference to Rajasthan.

Tribal Development Planning, Policies and Strategies Development is a continuous and multidimensional process that involves reorganization and reorientation of the entire economic and social system. UNESCO's concept of development is based on the realization that communities define themselves in terms of cultural identities and development cannot be effective unless it is centred around that image. Thus, when one tries to examine the field and scope of tribal development, it becomes important to understand the concept of tribe, which is of course, contextual to their image. A large number of governmental and non-governmental agencies are involved in tribal development. While the problem of tribal development in India is primarily linked with the backwardness of tribal areas, poverty of the tribal people and the issue of integration of tribals with the rest of the population, the concept of development in tribal situations pose a number of difficulties. Even a good definition of tribal development may undergo scrutiny. Sociologists and Policy Makers view the tribal development as (a) a movement emphasizing building upon organizational structures, (b) a programme emphasizing on activities, (c) as a method of emphasizing certain achievable ends, (d) as a process of emphasizing upon what happens to people not only economically and socially but also psychologically, and (e) institutionalization of newly discovered skills and procedures leading to social change without completely breaking away from the past. However, many studies point out that the integrated developments of the tribals have brought out the inadequacies of these programmes. Though the efforts have been in the direction for the development of tribal particularly with the creation of special multi-purpose tribal blocks during the second plan period, however, a major breakthrough took place in the Fifth Five Year Plan in which a new strategy of tribal sub-plan for preparing micro plans for relatively valuably tribal groups requiring special attention was enunciated. In this context, the present study tries to retrospect the impact and implications of tribal welfare and developmental programmes in Erstwhile Warangal District of Telangana State.

With reference to Uttar Pradesh, India.

Study conducted at Machi block in Chandel District of Manipur, India.

Tribal communities in western India, as elsewhere in the country, have been facing increasing marginalisation and poverty. This is so despite a relatively better record of social movements and work by civil society organisations among them and their political inclusion. Further, the existing literature on tribals focuses more on their socio-cultural situation and less on their economic and human development. Addressing this gap in scholarship, this volume details the processes of tribal development and associated challenges in Gujarat, often viewed as a high-growth economy. Rich in interdisciplinary, empirical analyses, the book comprehensively addresses three important aspects of tribal development — human development, economic opportunities and governance. It critiques recent policy diagnoses and interventions, rather than evaluate policy-outcomes. The volume traces the genesis of continued marginalisation of tribals in the country, and contributes to the ongoing discourse on integrative tribal development. The work will interest scholars and students of development studies, tribal studies, economics, sociology, social work, as also policy-makers, activists, and governmental and non-governmental organisations in the field.

The Tribals constitute a share of about eight per cent of the country s population and spread over about 1/5 part of the country s land with more than 500 different tribal groups having special cultural traits and identity. The term development has been used in wider sense, it is a slow process of civilization. The purpose of development is to provide increasing opportunities to all the people for better life. Keeping in view the importance of development of tribals in first chapter I have discussed thoroughly the concept and policy of development including special provisions provide in constitution. In record chapter the role of commissions and committees have been discussed while in the third chapter tribal women and educational programmes have been discussed. In fourth chapter development of tribals in Madhya Pradesh, in sixth chapter Ails of tribal development, in sixth chapter anthropological analysis of development of Indian tribes, in seventh chapter Indian tribes and gender disability, in eighth chapter development of primitive tribe and in ninth chapter development of Naikas have been discussed.