Physiological Responses in Aquatic Organisms Adapted to Extreme or Changing Environments
Title | Physiological Responses in Aquatic Organisms Adapted to Extreme or Changing Environments PDF eBook |
Author | Alexssandro Geferson Becker |
Publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
Pages | 247 |
Release | 2022-03-29 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 2889748103 |
The Adaptation and Response of Aquatic Animals in the Context of Global Climate Change
Title | The Adaptation and Response of Aquatic Animals in the Context of Global Climate Change PDF eBook |
Author | Hongsheng Yang |
Publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
Pages | 255 |
Release | 2023-07-24 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 2832530613 |
Anthropogenic climate change has driven widespread changes in marine environments, including ocean warming, ocean acidification, and the formation of hypoxic zones. Such environmental changes would pose direct challenges to the survival and adaptation of aquatic organisms, greatly affecting the biodiversity of marine life and marine ecosystems. Changes in the marine environment are likely to have strong effects at the physiological, behavioral, and molecular levels, with implications at the individual, population, and species levels, resulting in the degradation of genetic resources through massive mortality. For example, the ingestion, digestion, respiration, and growth of aquatic animals were greatly depressed under extreme environments. In the long run, maintaining a sustainable ocean would require a better understanding of the adaptation of marine animals in response to the effects of multiple environmental stressors. The Research Topic is aimed to discuss the potential impacts of individual and compounded extreme environments on aquatic animals, as well as the regulatory mechanisms and adaptation strategies of marine species to cope with these impacts.
Texas Aquatic Science
Title | Texas Aquatic Science PDF eBook |
Author | Rudolph A. Rosen |
Publisher | Texas A&M University Press |
Pages | 218 |
Release | 2014-11-19 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 1623492270 |
This classroom resource provides clear, concise scientific information in an understandable and enjoyable way about water and aquatic life. Spanning the hydrologic cycle from rain to watersheds, aquifers to springs, rivers to estuaries, ample illustrations promote understanding of important concepts and clarify major ideas. Aquatic science is covered comprehensively, with relevant principles of chemistry, physics, geology, geography, ecology, and biology included throughout the text. Emphasizing water sustainability and conservation, the book tells us what we can do personally to conserve for the future and presents job and volunteer opportunities in the hope that some students will pursue careers in aquatic science. Texas Aquatic Science, originally developed as part of a multi-faceted education project for middle and high school students, can also be used at the college level for non-science majors, in the home-school environment, and by anyone who educates kids about nature and water. To learn more about The Meadows Center for Water and the Environment, sponsors of this book's series, please click here.
Physiological and Transcriptomic Aspects of Adaptation to Extreme Environments
Title | Physiological and Transcriptomic Aspects of Adaptation to Extreme Environments PDF eBook |
Author | Courtney Nicole Passow |
Publisher | |
Pages | |
Release | 2016 |
Genre | |
ISBN |
Extremophiles are organisms with the ability to survive in environments characterized by strong physicochemical stressors lethal to most other organisms, providing excellent models to further our understanding of life's capacities and limitations to deal with far-from-average conditions. I studied how physiological processes varied among fish residing in starkly different environmental conditions to understand how organisms cope with extreme environments and disentangle the roles of short-term plastic responses and evolved population differences in shaping physiological responses. I used the Poecilia mexicana model, a series of extremophile fish populations that has colonized toxic hydrogen sulfide (H2S) rich springs and caves, to address three major objectives: (1) I investigated the energetic consequences of life in extreme environments and tested whether predicted reductions in organismal energy demands evolved repeatedly along replicated environmental gradients. (2) I characterized variation in gene expression among populations and organs to test for interactive effects between different stressors and identify potential physiological mechanisms underlying adaptation to H2S and cave environments. (3) I conducted common garden and H2S-exposure experiments to test how evolutionary change and plasticity interact to shape variation in gene expression observed in nature. To address these objectives, I measured variation in metabolic physiology and quantified variation in physiological processes through genome-wide gene expression analyses. I found that adaptation to extreme environments directly impacts energy metabolism, with fish living in extreme environments consistently expending less energy overall. Reductions in energy demand have evolved in convergence and were primarily mediated through a life history shift (reduction in body mass). The quantification of gene expression across divergent habitats and organs revealed organ-specific physiological responses in H2S-rich and cave habitats. Gene expression variation in the relevant genes was primarily shaped by evolutionary change in gene regulation, and ancestral plastic responses play a minor role in causing the observed expression differences between replicated sulfidic and nonsulfidic populations in nature. Overall, my research has implications for understanding the capacities and constraints that shape life in extreme environments and aids in our understanding of modifications in physiological pathways mediating adaptation to elevated H2S and perpetual darkness.
Extremophile Fishes
Title | Extremophile Fishes PDF eBook |
Author | Rüdiger Riesch |
Publisher | Springer |
Pages | 329 |
Release | 2015-01-24 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 3319133624 |
This book summarizes the key adaptations enabling extremophile fishes to survive under harsh environmental conditions. It reviews the most recent research on acidic, Antarctic, cave, desert, hypersaline, hypoxic, temporary, and fast-flowing habitats, as well as naturally and anthropogenically toxic waters, while pointing out generalities that are evident across different study systems. Knowledge of the different adaptations that allow fish to cope with stressful environmental conditions furthers our understanding of basic physiological, ecological, and evolutionary principles. In several cases, evidence is provided for how the adaptation to extreme environments promotes the emergence of new species. Furthermore, a link is made to conservation biology, and how human activities have exacerbated existing extreme environments and created new ones. The book concludes with a discussion of major open questions in our understanding of the ecology and evolution of life in extreme environments.
Comparative Physiology of Environmental Adaptations
Title | Comparative Physiology of Environmental Adaptations PDF eBook |
Author | European Society for Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry. Conference |
Publisher | |
Pages | 240 |
Release | 1987 |
Genre | Adaptation (Physiology) |
ISBN | 9783805544719 |
Endocrine regulation and physiological adaptation of stress response in aquatic organisms
Title | Endocrine regulation and physiological adaptation of stress response in aquatic organisms PDF eBook |
Author | Yiming Li |
Publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
Pages | 210 |
Release | 2024-04-16 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 2832547931 |