Two novellas, Yellow mud street and Old floating cloud, by one of mainland China's most innovative contemporary writers. Translated by Ronald R. Janssen and Jian Zhang, with a foreword by Charlotte Innes. Can Xue's only other book in English is Dialogues in paradise, published in 1989 by Northwestern U. Press. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Reproduction of the original.

The traumatic experiences of persecution and genocide have changed traditional views of literature. The discussion of historical truth versus aesthetic autonomy takes an unexpected turn when confronted with the experiences of the victims of the Holocaust, the Gulag Archipelago, the Cultural Revolution, Apartheid and other crimes against humanity. The question is whether - and, if so, to what extent - literary imagination may depart from historical truth. In general, the first reactions to traumatic historical experiences are autobiographical statements, written by witnesses of the events. However, the second and third generations, the sons and daughters of the victims as well as of the victimizers, tend to free themselves from this generic restriction and claim their own way of remembering the history of their parents and grandparents. They explore their own limits of representation, and feel free to use a variety of genres; they turn to either realist or postmodernist, ironic or grotesque modes of writing.

In the beginning of the New-making, the ancient fathers lived successively in four caves in the Four fold-containing-earth. The first was of sooty blackness, black as a chimney at night time; the second, dark as the night in the stormy season; the third, like a valley in starlight; the fourth, with a light like the dawning. Then they came up in the night-shine into the World of Knowing and Seeing. So runs the Zuni myth, and it typifies well the mental development, insight, and beauty of speech of the Indian tribes along the Pacific Coast, from those of Alaska in the far-away Northland, with half of life spent in actual darkness and more than half in the struggle for existence against the cold and the storms loosed by fatal curiosity from the bear's bag of bitter, icy winds, to the exquisite imagery of the Zunis and other desert tribes, on their sunny plains in the Southland. It was in the night-shine of this southern land, with its clear, dry air and brilliant stars, that the Indians, looking up at the heavens above them, told the story of the bag of stars of Utset, the First Mother, who gave to the scarab beetle, when the floods came, the bag of Star People, sending him first into the world above. It was a long climb to the world above and the tired little fellow, once safe, sat down by the sack. After a while he cut a tiny hole in the bag, just to see what was in it, but the Star People flew out and filled the heavens everywhere. Yet he saved a few stars by grasping the neck of the sack, and sat there, frightened and sad, when Utset, the First Mother, asked what he had done with the beautiful Star People. The Sky-father himself, in those early years of the New-making, spread out his hand with the palm downward, and into all the wrinkles of his hand set the semblance of shining yellow corn-grains, gleaming like sparks of fire in the dark of the early World-dawn. "See," said Sky-father to Earth-mother, "our children shall be guided by these when the Sun-father is not near and thy mountain terraces are as darkness itself. Then shall our children be guided by light." So Sky-father created the stars. Then he said, "And even as these grains gleam upward from the water, so shall seed grain like them spring up from the earth when touched by water, to nourish our children." And he created the golden Seed-stuff of the corn.

The thirteen stories of Dialogues in Paradise are eloquent in a way the West associates with both the modern and the ancient: the dark oracles of Aeschylus and Sophocles, the paranoid mystery of Kafka, the moving stream of Woolf. The work of Can Xue (a pseudonym of Changsa writer Deng Xiao-hua) renews our consciousness of the long tradition of the irrational in our literature, where dreams and reality constitute one territory, its borders open, the passage back and forth barely discernible. She fuses lyrical purity with the darkest visions of the grotesque and the result is a unique literary experience.

The Iris: An Illuminated Souvenir for MDCCCLII stands as a beacon of literary diversity and creativity from the mid-19th century, showcasing a range of literary styles from poignant poetry to captivating short stories. This anthology not only encapsulates the rich thematic concerns of its era, including reflections on nature, the female experience, and the societal roles of the time but also serves as a landmark of cultural and emotional expression. The compilation promises a journey through varied literary landscapes, offering readers a spectrum of emotions and thoughts that were as groundbreaking then as they are intriguing now. The authors and editors who contribute to this collection, including the likes of Fredrika Bremer and Elizabeth Wetherell, come from varied backgrounds but are united in their articulate expressions of an evolving society. Their collective works stand testament to the literary and cultural movements of the 19th century, capturing the essence of a world in the midst of change. The diversity among the contributors enriches the anthologys exploration of its central themes, presenting a multidimensional perspective on the issues of their time. The Iris: An Illuminated Souvenir for MDCCCLII is a must-read for those interested in the confluence of literature, history, and cultural studies. This anthology not only provides insightful entertainment through its variety of styles and themes but also educates readers on the historical and cultural contexts of the 19th century. It is an invitation to explore the richness of perspectives that together weave a tapestry of human experience, making it an invaluable addition to the libraries of scholars, students, and literary enthusiasts alike.