OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 428: Skin Absorption: In Vitro Method
Title | OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 428: Skin Absorption: In Vitro Method PDF eBook |
Author | OECD |
Publisher | OECD Publishing |
Pages | 8 |
Release | 2004-11-23 |
Genre | |
ISBN | 9264071083 |
This Test method has been designed to provide information on absorption of a test substance, (ideally radiolabelled), applied to the surface of a skin sample separating the two chambers (a donor chamber and a receptor chamber) of a diffusion cell ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 427: Skin Absorption: In Vivo Method
Title | OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 427: Skin Absorption: In Vivo Method PDF eBook |
Author | OECD |
Publisher | OECD Publishing |
Pages | 8 |
Release | 2004-11-23 |
Genre | |
ISBN | 9264071067 |
The in vivo percutaneous absorption study set out in this Test Guideline provides the linkage necessary to extrapolate from oral studies when making safety assessments following dermal exposure. The in vivo method, described in this guideline ...
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 439: In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method
Title | OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 439: In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method PDF eBook |
Author | OECD |
Publisher | OECD Publishing |
Pages | 28 |
Release | 2021-06-17 |
Genre | |
ISBN | 9264242848 |
This Test Guideline describes an in vitro procedure that may be used for the hazard identification of irritant chemicals (substances and mixtures) in accordance with the UN Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling (GHS) Category 2.
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 442D: In Vitro Skin Sensitisation Assays addressing the Adverse Outcome Pathway Key Event on Keratinocyte activation
Title | OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 442D: In Vitro Skin Sensitisation Assays addressing the Adverse Outcome Pathway Key Event on Keratinocyte activation PDF eBook |
Author | OECD |
Publisher | OECD Publishing |
Pages | 67 |
Release | 2018-06-27 |
Genre | |
ISBN | 9264229825 |
This Test Guideline (TG) provides an in vitro procedure (the ARE-Nrf2 luciferase test method) used for supporting the discrimination between skin sensitisers and non-sensitisers in accordance with the UN GHS.
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 442E: In Vitro Skin Sensitisation In Vitro Skin Sensitisation assays addressing the Key Event on activation of dendritic cells on the Adverse Outcome Pathway for Skin Sensitisation
Title | OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 442E: In Vitro Skin Sensitisation In Vitro Skin Sensitisation assays addressing the Key Event on activation of dendritic cells on the Adverse Outcome Pathway for Skin Sensitisation PDF eBook |
Author | OECD |
Publisher | OECD Publishing |
Pages | 91 |
Release | 2024-06-25 |
Genre | |
ISBN | 9264264353 |
The present Key Event based Test Guideline (TG) addresses the human health hazard endpoint skin sensitisation, following exposure to a test chemical. Skin sensitisation refers to an allergic response following skin contact with the tested chemical, as defined by the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (UN GHS). This TG is proposed to address the activation of dendritic cells, which is one Key Event on the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) for Skin Sensitisation. It provides four in vitro test methods addressing the same Key Event on the AOP: (i) the human cell Line Activation Test or h-CLAT method, (ii) the U937 Cell Line Activation Test or U-SENS, (iii) the Interleukin-8 Reporter Gene Assay or IL-8 Luc assay and (iv) the Genomic Allergen Rapid Detection for assessment of skin sensitisers (GARDTMskin). All of them are used for supporting the discrimination between skin sensitisers and non-sensitisers in accordance with the UN GHS. The test methods described in this TG either quantify the change in the expression of cell surface marker(s) CD54 and CD86, the cytokine IL-8, or a series of genes (genomic biomarker signature) that are associated with the process of activation of monocytes and DC following exposure to sensitisers.
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 404: Acute Dermal Irritation/Corrosion
Title | OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 404: Acute Dermal Irritation/Corrosion PDF eBook |
Author | OECD |
Publisher | OECD Publishing |
Pages | 8 |
Release | 2015-07-28 |
Genre | |
ISBN | 9264242678 |
This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from exposure to liquid or solid test substance by dermal application. It recommends sequential testing strategies, which include the performance of validated and accepted in vitro or ex vivo tests for corrosion/irritation.
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 435: In Vitro Membrane Barrier Test Method for Skin Corrosion
Title | OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 435: In Vitro Membrane Barrier Test Method for Skin Corrosion PDF eBook |
Author | OECD |
Publisher | OECD Publishing |
Pages | 13 |
Release | 2015-07-28 |
Genre | |
ISBN | 9264242791 |
This updated Test Guideline 435 provides an in vitro membrane barrier test method that can be used to identify corrosive chemicals. The test method utilizes an artificial membrane designed to respond to corrosive chemicals in a manner similar to animal skin in situ.