This volume seeks to familiarize readers with a diverse range of technologies and approaches for probing neuron and circuit architecture, and, when possible, to attach detailed protocols to help guide readers toward practical application. From classical lipophilic dye and conjugated lectin tracing techniques, to electrophysiological, in vivo imaging, viral tract tracing, and emerging genetic methods to mark, manipulate, and monitor neural circuits, Neural Tracing Methods: Tracing Neurons and Their Connections includes reference to an arsenal of tools and technologies currently being implemented in model systems ranging from flies to mice. Written for the popular Neuromethods series, chapters include the kind of detail and key implementation advice that ensures successful results in the laboratory. Essential and authoritative, Neural Tracing Methods: Tracing Neurons and Their Connections collects a comprehensive compilation of chapters authored by inventors and expert users, that describes state-of-the-art neuronal tracing and functional analysis methods in order to aid researchers in continuing this vital pathway of study.

The first two editions of this title had a tremendous impact in neuroscience. Between the Second edition in 1989 and today, there has been an explosion of information in the field, including advances in molecular techniques, such as genomics and proteomics, which have become increasing important in neuroscience. A renaissance in fluorescence has occurred, driven by the development of new probes, new microscopes, live imagers, and computer processing. The introduction of new markers has enormously stimulated the field, moving it from tissue culture to neurophysiology to functional MRI techniques.

This new edition presents readers with the latest information on neuroscience. This book explores the advances in molecular techniques, genomics and proteomics and the progress in fluorescence.

Neurobiology of the Locus Coeruleus

Neuronal tracing methods are essential tools to understand the fundamental architecture of the neural circuits and their connection to the overall functional behavior of the brain. Various viral vectors have been developed to achieve cell-type specific and directional specific labeling of the neuronal connections. The incorporation of the viral tracers with optogenetics techniques can further provide precise control over the viral propagation. Herein, a novel approach to guide the infectious pattern of the Rabies Virus (RV) retrograde tracer with light is described. The key concept is to use Baculovirus (BV) as a helper virus to deliver all the functional components prior to the rabies infection. These functional components include the optogenetic tool parts, a fluorescent CRE reporter to mark RV infected cells, and other genes necessary for RV spread. GoldenGate DNA assembly method was used to efficiently construct three large BV expression cassettes in bacteria plasmids that can be transposed into the baculovirus genome in a single TN7 transposon recombination step. The actual imaging of BV and RV infected cells and stimulation of optogenetics tools for the spread of RV can be achieved with CMOS sensor and OLED display panels. By integrating these commercially available electronics with proper microcontrollers, a synchronized communication protocol for optogenetic stimulation, image capturing, and file transferring was established in a lensless imaging setup. The OLED and CMOS sensor's large field of view and low cost allows this tracing method to scale many orders of magnitude greater than using microscopy-based methods.

Significant advances in brain research have been made, but investigators who face the resulting explosion of data need new methods to integrate the pieces of the "brain puzzle." Based on the expertise of more than 100 neuroscientists and computer specialists, this new volume examines how computer technology can meet that need. Featuring outstanding color photography, the book presents an overview of the complexity of brain research, which covers the spectrum from human behavior to genetic mechanisms. Advances in vision, substance abuse, pain, and schizophrenia are highlighted. The committee explores the potential benefits of computer graphics, database systems, and communications networks in neuroscience and reviews the available technology. Recommendations center on a proposed Brain Mapping Initiative, with an agenda for implementation and a look at issues such as privacy and accessibility.