This is a critical analysis of the pervasive theme of historical myths used by some of the best-known writers of the Late Republic and Augustan periods - from Cicero in the "De Republica" and the first book of Livy to Ovid's "Fasti".

This volume studies the marvellous stories of early Rome transmitted by ancient historians, to explore the porous boundaries and the hybrid borrowings between myth, history and historiography.

At once a historical essay and a self-conscious meditation on the writing of history, The Foundation of Rome takes as its starting point a series of accounts of Rome's origins offered over the course of centuries. Alexandre Grandazzi places these accounts in their contemporary contexts and shows how the growing sophistication in methodology gradually changed the accepted views of the city's origins. He looks, for example, at the hypercritical philology of the nineteenth century which cast aside everything that could not be verified. He then explains how the increase in archaeological discoveries and changing archaeological techniques influenced the story of Rome's birth. Grandazzi produces a depiction of Rome's origins that is both up-to-date and provocative. His use of scientific parallels in describing changes in the ways texts were analyzed and his broad familiarity with comparative material make his synthesis particularly illuminating, and he writes with clarity, verve, and wit.

"It is often thought, for no good reason, that myth and history are mutually exclusive. But most mythic stories were believed by their tellers, and some of them were true. Was Lucretia a real woman, raped by the king's son? Did Horatius really hold the bridge alone against an army? Nobody knows; but figures like Spartacus, Cleopatra, Caligula and Nero were certainly real flesh and blood before they became figures of myth. The long history of the Roman People and their city - whether under the kings, the free republic, or the Caesars - generated countless stories, no less mythic than the tale of Troy." --Book Jacket.

This work focuses on some of the more unfamiliar aspects of the Roman experience, where the historian needs not just knowledge but also imagination. It expores how the Romans made sense of their past and how people today can understand that history, despite the inadequate evidence for early Rome and the Republic. All Latin and Greek source material is translated. The first essay in this collection was the Ronald Syme Lecture for 1993; "The Origins of Roman Historiography" argues that dramatic performances at the public games were the medium through which the Romans in the "pre-literary" period made sense of their own past.

The essays included in this volume analyze important historical texts from various regions of the Ancient Near East. The distinguished Italian historian Mario Liverani suggests that these historiographical texts were of a "true" historical nature and that their literary forms achieved their intended results. Liverani focuses on two central themes in these texts: myth and politics.There is a close connection, Liverani finds, between the writing of history and the validation of political order and political action. History defines the correct role and behavior of political leaders, especially when they do not possess the validation provided by tradition. Historical texts, he discovers, are more often the tools for supporting change than for supporting stability.Liverani demonstrates that history writing in the Ancient Near East made frequent use of mythical patterns, wisdom motifs, and literary themes in order to fulfill its audience's cultural expectations. The resulting nonhistorical literary forms can mislead interpretation, but an analysis of these forms allows the texts' sociopolitical and communicative frameworks to emerge.

This volume studies the marvellous stories of early Rome transmitted by ancient historians, to explore the porous boundaries and the hybrid borrowings between myth, history and historiography.