This up-to-date review closes an important gap in the literature by providing a comprehensive description of the Mössbauer effect in lattice dynamics, along with a collection of applications in metals, alloys, amorphous solids, molecular crystals, thin films, and nanocrystals. It is the first to systematically compare Mössbauer spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation to conventional Mössbauer spectroscopy, discussing in detail its advantages and capabilities, backed by the latest theoretical developments and experimental examples. Intended as a self-contained volume that may be used as a complete reference or textbook, it adopts new pedagogical approaches with several non-traditional and refreshing theoretical expositions, while all quantitative relations are derived with the necessary details so as to be easily followed by the reader. Two entire chapters are devoted to the study of the dynamics of impurity atoms in solids, while a thorough description of the Mannheim model as a theoretical method is presented and its predictions compared to experimental results. Finally, an in-depth analysis of absorption of Mössbauer radiation is presented, based on recent research by one of the authors, resulting in an exact expression of fractional absorption, otherwise unavailable in the literature. The whole is supplemented by elaborate appendices containing constants and parameters.

The effect which now bears his name, was discovered in 1958 by Rudolf Mössbauer at the Technical University of Munich. At first, this appeared to be a phenomenon related to nuclear energy levels that provided some information about excited state lifetimes and quantum properties. However, it soon became apparent that Mössbauer spectroscopy had applications in such diverse fields as general relativity, solid state physics, chemistry, materials science, biology, medical physics, archeology and art. It is the extreme sensitivity of the effect to the atomic environment around the probe atom as well as the ability to apply the technique to some interesting and important elements, most notably iron, that is responsible for the Mössbauer effect's extensive use. The present volume reviews the historical development of the Mössbauer effect, the experimental details, the basic physics of hyperfine interactions and some of the numerous applications of Mössbauer effect spectroscopy.

The initial impetus for this text occurred when we were searching for a single book that could be recommended to the attendees at the Mossbauer Spectroscopy Institute at The Catholic University of America. This Institute is an introductory course on the theory and interpretation of Mossbauer spectroscopy for workers in industrial, academic, and government labora tories. None of the books available adequately covered the breadth and scope of the lectures in the Institute. A list of these books and review articles is included in Appendix C. To meet our needs, we undertook the creation of this text. The chapters are based upon the lectures given at the various Institutes from 1967 to 1969. Most of the lectures were recorded and transcripts sent to the lecturers, who then prepared the manuscripts, using the transcripts as a guide so as to retain the style developed during the lecture. Each chapter is written in the style of the authors. As the editor, my main task was to main tain uniformity of format and nomenclature. A list of nomenclature used in this volume is reproduced in Appendix A. We hope that this list will be used particularly by new investigators and teachers of Mossbauer spectroscopy so that future literature will employ a uniform system.

One of the most important - and unfortunately scientific information of interest in our field least advertised - applications of nuclear gamma from ali over the world in many languages, and resonance spectroscopy is the organized indexing documented, evaluated, and presented this in of scientific information. While there are only formation in a comprehensive format. two active workers in this field, the rest of us It tak.e this opportunity to congratulate the are the beneficiaries of their unique effort which Stevenses for their success, and to express my keeps us well informed in our own fields of in gratitude to them for their service to all of us. terest. This tenth volume of MEDI is a land 1 wish them very good luck. mark in an experiment in the distribution of scientific information, initiated by Art Muir R. L. M?SSBAUER and his group. Sin ce 1969, J ohn and Virginia Munich Stevens have explored new ways of gathering December, 1977 V Acknowledgments This year our operation was located at the Uni proofread the data and references, and in so versity of Nijmegen, The Netherlands, where we doing demonstrated a special kind of patience were working during a year lea ve of absence from and attention to detail. Other longtime assistants UNC-A. In Nijmegen Dr. Jan Trooster was our are Professor G. N. Belozerskii of USSR and Dr.

Tutorials on Mössbauer Spectroscopy Since the discovery of the Mössbauer Effect many excellent books have been published for researchers and for doctoral and master level students. However, there appears to be no textbook available for final year bachelor students, nor for people working in industry who have received only basic courses in classical mechanics, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, chemistry and materials science. The challenge of this book is to give an introduction to Mössbauer Spectroscopy for this level. The ultimate goal of this book is to give this audience not only a scientific introduction to the technique, but also to demonstrate in an attractive way the power of Mössbauer Spectroscopy in many fields of science, in order to create interest among the readers in joining the community of Mössbauer spectroscopists. This is particularly important at times where in many Mössbauer laboratories succession is at stake. This book will be used as a textbook for the tutorial sessions, organized at the occasion of the 2011 International Conference on the Application of Mössbauer Spectroscopy (ICAME2011) in Tokyo.

The past twenty five years - roughly the period from 1960 to 1985 - have been by all measures among the most exciting and challenging times of our science. The increasing sensitivity of chemical instrumentation, the introduction of the routine use of computers for data reduction and of microprocessors for instrumental control, the wide-spread utilization of lasers, and the disappearance of traditional disciplinary boundaries between scientific fields are but a few of the examples one could cite to support the introductory contention. Almost all of these developments have had their impact on the development of Mossbauer Effect Spectroscopy into a technique par excellence for the elucidation of problems in all areas of chemistry and its associated sister sciences. Indeed, because this spectroscopy is based on fundamental phenomena in nuclear physics, is described in terms of the theory of the solid state and structural chemistry, is useful in the understanding of chemical reactivity and biological phenomena, and can serve to supplement information developed by many other experimental techniques, it has provided an unparalleled opportunity for the exchange of ideas among practitioners of a very wide variety of subfields of the physical and biological sciences. The present collection of contributions is the direct result of such an interaction.