In colonial North Carolina, German-speaking settlers from the Moravian Church founded a religious refuge--an ideal society, they hoped, whose blueprint for daily life was the Bible and whose Chief Elder was Christ himself. As the community's demand for labor grew, the Moravian Brethren bought slaves to help operate their farms, shops, and industries. Moravians believed in the universalism of the gospel and baptized dozens of African Americans, who became full members of tightly knit Moravian congregations. For decades, white and black Brethren worked and worshiped together--though white Moravians never abandoned their belief that black slavery was ordained by God. Based on German church documents, including dozens of rare biographies of black Moravians, A Separate Canaan is the first full-length study of contact between people of German and African descent in early America. Exploring the fluidity of race in Revolutionary era America, it highlights the struggle of African Americans to secure their fragile place in a culture unwilling to give them full human rights. In the early nineteenth century, white Moravians forsook their spiritual inclusiveness, installing blacks in a separate church. Just as white Americans throughout the new republic rejected African American equality, the Moravian story illustrates the power of slavery and race to overwhelm other ideals.

In Wachovia, the various trash pits or middens associated with early Moravian inhabitants, as well as the potters' waster dumps, both in Bethabara and Salem, have provided us with significant insights into an incredibly complex eighteenth-and early nineteenth-century earthenware production. Although local antiquarians and collectors have been aware for many years that pottery constituted one of the largest early industries carried on by the Moravians in North Carolina, it was for the most part only the well-kept archival records that testified to this fact. Fine examples of slip-decorated pottery, as wekk as some utilitarian forms, existed in local collections and in the Wachovia Museum in Old Salem, but it was not until the excavations at Bethabara were begun that anyone became aware of the real significance of the tradition in which local potters were working. -- pg. 4.

A group of the Brethren who later settled in Salem, North Carolina, experienced the stresses of cultural and generational conflict when its younger members came to think of themselves as Americans."

Members of the Moravian Church who settled in North Carolina were meticulous record keepers, documenting almost every aspect of their day-to-day lives. A significant part of those records is preserved in the form of photographs. Moravian photographers-both professional and amateur-created an enduring legacy by capturing their society and surroundings in faithful detail. Their photographs, which record the towns of Bethabara, Bethania, Salem, Friedberg, Hope, and Friedland, as well as other communities throughout the state, provide a rare glimpse into the historic world of Moravian life in North Carolina.

In the mid-eighteenth century, members of the Moravian Church, which had its origins in Central Europe, began conducting mission work among the Cherokee people. Their archives, now housed in North Carolina, include valuable records of their contact with the Cherokees. Drawing from these archives, these volumes offer a firsthand account of daily life among the Cherokees from initial contact between the Moravians and Cherokees in 1752 to the close of the nineteenth century.