A guide for builders, surveyors and clients on how to specify and describe minor building works.

This edition of the ICE conditions of contract for minor works has been updated to include the following changes: a new clause on design responsibility; a paragraph on liquidated damages, identifying when damages may not be payable; many of the clauses have been deleted and replaced by updated versions consistent with the text of the ICE Conditions of Contract 6th edition; a clause to cover application to Northern Ireland; the recommended limit on contract value has been increased to u250,000 in place of the previous limit of u100,000; the recommended minimum cover for Third Party Insurance has been increased to u2 million; clauses are included on value added tax, and the requirements of the Construction, Design and Management Regulations 1994; and a set of guidance notes to help the reader to understand and implement the contract."

In 1973, on the 500th anniversary of Copernicus's birth, the Polish Academy of Sciences announced its intention to publish all of the astronomer's extant works, both in their original Latin and in modern translations. Here, available for the first time in softcover, are Edward Rosen's authoritative English translations and commentaries.

By 1514, the reclusive cleric Nicolaus Copernicus had written and hand-copied an initial outline of his heliocentric theory-in which he defied common sense and received wisdom to place the sun, not the earth, at the center of our universe, and set the earth spinning among the other planets. Over the next two decades, Copernicus expanded his theory through hundreds of observations, while compiling in secret a book-length manuscript that tantalized mathematicians and scientists throughout Europe. For fear of ridicule, he refused to publish. In 1539, a young German mathematician, Georg Joachim Rheticus, drawn by rumors of a revolution to rival the religious upheaval of Martin Luther's Reformation, traveled to Poland to seek out Copernicus. Two years later, the Protestant youth took leave of his aging Catholic mentor and arranged to have Copernicus's manuscript published, in 1543, as De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres)-the book that forever changed humankind's place in the universe. In her elegant, compelling style, Dava Sobel chronicles, as nobody has, the conflicting personalities and extraordinary discoveries that shaped the Copernican Revolution. At the heart of the book is her play And the Sun Stood Still, imagining Rheticus's struggle to convince Copernicus to let his manuscript see the light of day. As she achieved with her bestsellers Longitude and Galileo's Daughter, Sobel expands the bounds of narration, giving us an unforgettable portrait of scientific achievement, and of the ever-present tensions between science and faith.

The term Maintenance of a building refers to the work done for keeping an existing building in a condition where it can perform its intended functions. Usually, the buildings last only for 40 to 50 years in a good shape just because of regular inspection and maintenance that enable timely identification of deteriorated elements. Overlooked dilapidation, inadequate maintenance and lack of repair works may lead to limited life span of a building. This comprehensive book, striving to focus on the maintenance, repair & rehabilitation and minor works of a building, presents useful guidelines that acquaint the readers with the traditional as well as modern techniques for upkeeping and repairing of buildings already constructed. Dexterously organised into five parts, this book in Part I deals with the maintenance of buildings. Description of the construction chemicals, concrete repair chemicals, special materials used for repair, and repair of various parts of a building is given in Part II. Strengthening of reinforced concrete members by shoring, underpinning, plate bonding, RC jacketing and FRP methods are explored in Part III, which also highlights rebuilding of RC slabs and protection of earth slopes. Part IV of the book exposes the reader to the minor works done in a building such as construction of compound walls, gates, waters sumps, house garage, relaying of floors, joining two adjacent rooms and so on. Part V is based on some allied topics involving control on termites and fungus in buildings as well as introduction of Vaastu Shastra and its main recommendations for a single house in a plot. Using an engaging style, this book will prove to be a must-read for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of civil engineering as well as for the polytechnic and ITI diploma students. Besides, the book will also be of immense benefit to the technical professionals across the country. KEY FEATURES • The text displays several figures to make the concepts clear. • Chapter-end references make the text suitable for further study. • Appendices at the end of the text provide extra information on non-destructive field tests for survey of the condition of concrete buildings and rough estimation of the construction and maintenance costs of buildings.