This book presents a collection of thoroughly refereed revised papers selected from two international workshops on mining complex data: Multimedia Data Mining, MDM/KDD at KDD 2002 and Knowledge Discovery from Multimedia and Complex Data, KDMCD at PAKDD 2002. The 17 revised full papers presented together with a detailed introduction give a coherent survey of the state of the art in the area. Among the topics addressed are mining spatial multimedia data, mining audio data and multimedia support, mining image and video data, frameworks for multimedia mining, multimedia for information retrieval, and applications of multimedia mining.

Despite being a young field of research and development, data mining has proved to be a successful approach to extracting knowledge from huge collections of structured digital data collection as usually stored in databases. Whereas data mining was done in early days primarily on numerical data, nowadays multimedia and Internet applications drive the need to develop data mining methods and techniques that can work on all kinds of data such as documents, images, and signals. This book introduces the basic concepts of mining multimedia data and demonstrates how to apply these methods in various application fields. It is written for students, ambitioned professionals from industry and medicine, and for scientists who want to contribute R&D work to the field or apply this new technology.

The information age has led to an explosion in the amount of information available to the individual and the means by which it is accessed, stored, viewed, and transferred. In particular, the growth of the internet has led to the creation of huge repositories of multimedia documents in a diverse range of scientific and professional fields, as well as the tools to extract useful knowledge from them. Mining Multimedia Documents is a must-read for researchers, practitioners, and students working at the intersection of data mining and multimedia applications. It investigates various techniques related to mining multimedia documents based on text, image, and video features. It provides an insight into the open research problems benefitting advanced undergraduates, graduate students, researchers, scientists and practitioners in the fields of medicine, biology, production, education, government, national security and economics.

1 WorkshopTheme Digital multimedia di?ers from previous forms of combined media in that the bits that represent text, images, animations, and audio, video and other signals can be treated as data by computer programs. One facet of this diverse data in termsofunderlyingmodelsandformatsisthatitissynchronizedandintegrated, hence it can be treated as integral data records. Such records can be found in a number of areas of human endeavour. Modern medicine generates huge amounts of such digital data. Another - ample is architectural design and the related architecture, engineering and c- struction (AEC) industry. Virtual communities (in the broad sense of this word, which includes any communities mediated by digital technologies) are another example where generated data constitutes an integral data record. Such data may include data about member pro?les, the content generated by the virtual community, and communication data in di?erent formats, including e-mail, chat records, SMS messages, videoconferencing records. Not all multimedia data is so diverse. An example of less diverse data, but data that is larger in terms of the collected amount, is that generated by video surveillance systems, where each integral data record roughly consists of a set of time-stamped images – the video frames. In any case, the collection of such in- gral data records constitutes a multimedia data set. The challenge of extracting meaningful patterns from such data sets has led to the research and devel- ment in the area of multimedia data mining.

Database mining refers to extracting previously unrecognized information from data stored in conventional databases. Multimedia data mining deals with the extraction of implicit knowledge, multimedia data relationships, or other patterns not explicitly stored in multimedia databases. Three specific kinds of multimedia databases like image, video and remote sensed image are dealt with. A simple kind of multimedia database i.e., static image, where each mammogram is a set of four images is considered. Statistical analysis is performed on them to classify them as normal, benign and malign. Next a more complex database like video is considered, where it begins with a slow moving video clip and then move towards a faster moving video clip, in identifying and tracking objects. A specialized multimedia data is chosen, where an image obtained from a remote sensed satellite. The image is segmented into distinct regions like barren land, vegetative area, water bodies etc., and then we count the number of trees in the vegetative area. The analysis and Literature Survey are useful for students and research community, who are working on Data Mining, signal processing and Multimedia Mining.

The amount and the complexity of the data gathered by current enterprises are increasing at an exponential rate. Consequently, the analysis of Big Data is nowadays a central challenge in Computer Science, especially for complex data. For example, given a satellite image database containing tens of Terabytes, how can we find regions aiming at identifying native rainforests, deforestation or reforestation? Can it be made automatically? Based on the work discussed in this book, the answers to both questions are a sound “yes”, and the results can be obtained in just minutes. In fact, results that used to require days or weeks of hard work from human specialists can now be obtained in minutes with high precision. Data Mining in Large Sets of Complex Data discusses new algorithms that take steps forward from traditional data mining (especially for clustering) by considering large, complex datasets. Usually, other works focus in one aspect, either data size or complexity. This work considers both: it enables mining complex data from high impact applications, such as breast cancer diagnosis, region classification in satellite images, assistance to climate change forecast, recommendation systems for the Web and social networks; the data are large in the Terabyte-scale, not in Giga as usual; and very accurate results are found in just minutes. Thus, it provides a crucial and well timed contribution for allowing the creation of real time applications that deal with Big Data of high complexity in which mining on the fly can make an immeasurable difference, such as supporting cancer diagnosis or detecting deforestation.