The COVID-19 pandemic has increased insolvency risks, especially among small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which are vastly overrepresented in hard-hit sectors. Without government intervention, even firms that are viable a priori could end up being liquidated—particularly in sectors characterized by labor-intensive technologies, threatening both macroeconomic and social stability. This staff discussion note assesses the impact of the pandemic on SME insolvency risks and policy options to address them. It quantifies the impact of weaker aggregate demand, changes in sectoral consumption patterns, and lockdowns on firm balance sheets and estimates the impact of a range of policy options, for a large sample of SMEs in (mostly) advanced economies.

This book explains how and why insolvency law in emerging economies needs to be reinvented. It starts by examining the importance of insolvency law for the promotion of economic growth as well as the similarities and divergences in the design of insolvency law around the world. The central thesis of the book is that insolvency law in emerging economies fails to serve as a catalyst for growth. It is argued that this failure is mainly due to the design of an insolvency legislation that is not tailored to the market and institutional environment generally existing in emerging economies. The book also provides a critical analysis of the design of insolvency law in many advanced economies where the insolvency system has proven to be unattractive for debtors, creditors or both. Therefore, in addition to suggesting a new insolvency framework for emerging economies, this book ultimately invites readers to rethink insolvency law.

This book reconsiders the treatment of distressed Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Recognising that insolvency systems traditionally suit larger enterprises, and that they do not always apply neatly to smaller entities, the book proposes a 'modular' approach designed to facilitate the treatment of smaller enterprises in distress.

The new OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Outlook presents the latest trends in performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and provides a comprehensive overview of business conditions and policy frameworks for SMEs and entrepreneurs. This year’s edition provides comparative evidence on business dynamism, productivity growth, wage gaps and export trends by firm size across OECD countries and emerging economies.

Economic and social progress requires a diverse ecosystem of firms that play complementary roles. Making It Big: Why Developing Countries Need More Large Firms constitutes one of the most up-to-date assessments of how large firms are created in low- and middle-income countries and their role in development. It argues that large firms advance a range of development objectives in ways that other firms do not: large firms are more likely to innovate, export, and offer training and are more likely to adopt international standards of quality, among other contributions. Their particularities are closely associated with productivity advantages and translate into improved outcomes not only for their owners but also for their workers and for smaller enterprises in their value chains. The challenge for economic development, however, is that production does not reach economic scale in low- and middle-income countries. Why are large firms scarcer in developing countries? Drawing on a rare set of data from public and private sources, as well as proprietary data from the International Finance Corporation and case studies, this book shows that large firms are often born large—or with the attributes of largeness. In other words, what is distinct about them is often in place from day one of their operations. To fill the “missing top†? of the firm-size distribution with additional large firms, governments should support the creation of such firms by opening markets to greater competition. In low-income countries, this objective can be achieved through simple policy reorientation, such as breaking oligopolies, removing unnecessary restrictions to international trade and investment, and establishing strong rules to prevent the abuse of market power. Governments should also strive to ensure that private actors have the skills, technology, intelligence, infrastructure, and finance they need to create large ventures. Additionally, they should actively work to spread the benefits from production at scale across the largest possible number of market participants. This book seeks to bring frontier thinking and evidence on the role and origins of large firms to a wide range of readers, including academics, development practitioners and policy makers.

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered the largest global economic crisis in more than a century. In 2020, economic activity contracted in 90 percent of countries, the world economy shrank by about 3 percent, and global poverty increased for the first time in a generation. Governments responded rapidly with fiscal, monetary, and financial policies that alleviated the worst immediate economic impacts of the crisis. Yet the world must still contend with the significant longer-term financial and economic risks caused by, or exacerbated by, the pandemic and the government responses needed to mitigate its effects. World Development Report 2022: Finance for an Equitable Recovery examines the central role of finance in the economic recovery from COVID-19. Based on an in-depth look at the consequences of the crisis most likely to affect low- and middle-income economies, it advocates a set of policies and measures to mitigate the interconnected economic risks stemming from the pandemic—risks that may become more acute as stimulus measures are withdrawn at both the domestic and global levels. Those policies include the efficient and transparent management of nonperforming loans to mitigate threats to financial stability, insolvency reforms to allow for the orderly reduction of unsustainable debts, innovations in risk management and lending models to ensure continued access to credit for households and businesses, and improvements in sovereign debt management to preserve the ability of governments to support an equitable recovery.

Highlights Practical insights into the provisions applicable to MSMEs in India Covers upto-date: -MSME Act, 2006, Coir Industry Act, 1953, Khadi and Village Industries Commission Act, 1956, -MSME Schemes: PMEGP, CGTSME, ISEC, MPDA, SFURTI, CITUS, MCV, EMP, TIRFSS, PMSBY, ASPIRE. etc -RBI Guidelines for Priority Sector and MSME, Lending to MSME, TReDS -Restructuring of Advances and Pre-packaged Insolvency Rules/Regulations About the Book The book seeks to provide readers with a practical insights into provisions applicable to MSMEs in India. This treatise of MSMEs is divided into nine parts consisting of 28 chapters attempting to provide professionals with essential knowledge and tools to understand and undertake the necessary compliances. The book provides the latest position without compromising on changes in the law that have taken place over time. This book aims to equip professionals, be it CS, CA, CMA or corporate lawyers, who are desirous of undertaking compliances or practicing on MSME laws with the requisite knowledge and expertise. Key Features Industrial Policy Statements since 1948, Evolution, Importance and Setting-up of MSMEs Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Its Divisions and Organisations attached Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Act, 2006 & Rules and Notifications, Coir Industry Act, 1953 and The Khadi and Village Industries Commission Act, 1956. Schemes Covered under the MSME, viz: : PMEGP, CGTSME, ISEC, MPDA, SFURTI, CITUS, MCY, EMP, TIRFSS, PMSBY, ASPIRE. etc. RBI Guidelines on Priority Sector Lending & MSME, Lending to MSME, Restructuring of Advances Factoring -TReDS Financing to MSMEs, Assessment of Working Capital Limits by Banks Institutional Framework for MSME Financing SEBI Measures for MSME – Initial Public Offer and Listing of Securities at SME Exchange Global Perspectives of MSME – OECD and World Bank