Increasingly sophisticated techniques are available for obtaining seismic sections that give an accurate description of subsurface heterogeneities. These techniques continue to benefit from the progress made in research by signal processing specialists. The aim of this book is to familiarize geologists and geophysicists with the basic concepts of signal processing used in seismic surveys. It shows the value of using a combination of tools to solve a given problem. Many of the examples in this book come from the latest research. Its goal is to improve understanding of the most common signal processing algorithms and to suggest a methodology for testing them. Sometimes, modeling with simple, well-known functions is a very useful way to understand the behavior of a transformation. In this way, we seek to provide the specialist with a critical approach for handling these algorithms. This book will encourage the exchange of information among geologists, geophysicists and signal processing researchers, and will provide them with invaluable technical know-how.

Ce ne sont pas les séismes qui tuent mais l’effondrement des constructions. C’est ainsi au génie parasismique, au travers de la réglementation, de concevoir des ouvrages résistants à l’aléa sismique dit réglementaire. Cependant, sachant que ces règles se sont améliorées en même temps que notre connaissance du phénomène naturel et des événements passés, force est de constater que la majorité des centres urbains est composée de bâtiments anciens, conçus selon des concepts et des règles de l’art souvent inadaptés au contexte sismique. Savoir évaluer la vulnérabilité des constructions existantes est donc une étape indispensable à une meilleure gestion du risque sismique et de sa politique de prévention. Après quelques rappels essentiels suivis d’exemples, cet ouvrage décrit des développements récents sur l’évaluation sismique de zones urbaines constituées d’un grand nombre de structures, dans des contextes à sismicité modérée (France, Suisse) ou forte (Italie, Grèce).

In this work, the reader will find the basic concepts and vocabulary of sedimentary geology, along with a presentation of the new ideas that are in current use in petroleum exploration. This abundantly illustrated book will serve as an excellent educational tool and remain a valuable resource and handy reference work in any petroleum geology library.Contents: 1. Basics of dynamic geology. 2. Continental and oceanic basins. 3. Sedimentary driving mechanisms and environments. 4. Time evolution: Sedimentary sequences, stratigraphy. 5. From sediments to sedimentary basin rocks and mountain chains. 6. Petroleum systems. IndexState of Strain. 2. State of Stress. 3. Thermodynamics of Continuous Media. II. Mechanism of Material Strain. 4. Linear Elasticity. General Theory. 5. Plane Theory of Elasticity. 6. Behaviour of a Material Containing Cavities. 7. Thermodynamics of Saturated Porous Media. 8. Infinitesimal Thermoporoelasticity. 9. The Triaxial Test and the Measurement of Thermoporoelastic Properties. 10. Thermoporoelastoplasticity. General Theory and Application. III. Mechanisms of Material Cohesion Loss. 11. Fissuring. 12. Introduction to Damage Theory. 13. Appearance of Shearing Bands in Geomaterials.