Metallic Catalysts Supported on Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes for Oxidative Steam Reforming of Methanol
Title | Metallic Catalysts Supported on Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes for Oxidative Steam Reforming of Methanol PDF eBook |
Author | Oleksandr Shtyka |
Publisher | |
Pages | |
Release | 2018 |
Genre | |
ISBN |
Synthesis and Characterization of Platinum-based Multi-component Catalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
Title | Synthesis and Characterization of Platinum-based Multi-component Catalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells PDF eBook |
Author | Li Ren |
Publisher | |
Pages | 154 |
Release | 2007 |
Genre | Fuel cells |
ISBN |
"In the thesis work, Pt-based binary, ternary, quaternary alloy anode catalysts supported on sonochemically treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized with ethylene glycol reduction of corresponding metal chloride salts. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used for catalyst characterization. Cyclic voltammetry for methanol oxidation and CO stripping were used to evaluate the performance of the catalysts. PtRu nanoparticles supported on CNTs (PtRu/CNT) were prepared under a series of pHs. It was found that the PtRu particle size, composition, and catalytic activity were all sensitive to the deposition pHs. CO stripping results provided the peak potential and active surface area for each catalyst. The atomic ratios tended to approach the predetermined ratio 1:1 with the increase of pH, which is favored by bi-functional catalytic mechanism. PtRu catalysts prepared at higher pHs presented better electrochemical activity toward methanol oxidation. Humidified oxygen treatment of the PtRu/CNT led to improved activity of the catalysts toward methanol electro-oxidation, implying that Ru hydroxide is better than Ru as a co-catalyst. PtRu, PtOs, PtRuOs, and PtRuOsIr nanoparticles supported on CNTs with atomic ratios of Pt:Ru (tr:46), Pt:Os (80:20), Pt:Ru:Os (54:36:10), and Pt:Ru:Os:Ir (44:36:10:5) were prepared. Cyclic voltammetry for the methanol oxidation and CO stripping at the catalysts showed that PtRu/CNT and PtRuOsIr/CNT have the best performance toward methanol oxidation, PtRuOs/CNT has the lowest activity, but PtOs/CNT exhibits better catalytic activity only at potential or 0.73 V"--Abstract, leaf iii.
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Carbon Nanostructures Supported Catalysts and Their Effects on Methanol and Ethanol Electro-oxidation
Title | Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Carbon Nanostructures Supported Catalysts and Their Effects on Methanol and Ethanol Electro-oxidation PDF eBook |
Author | Raghavendar Reddy Sanganna Gari |
Publisher | |
Pages | 114 |
Release | 2009 |
Genre | Carbon |
ISBN |
Alternative energy conversion systems are receiving great attention due to the depletion of fossil fuels and increasing environmental pollution. Due to excellent features such as high energy density, low operating temperature, and high energy conversion efficiency, direct methanol (DMFC) and ethanol fuel cells (DEFC) are promising power sources to address future energy problems. However, their performance is limited by low electrocatalytic activity of anodes for methanol and ethanol oxidations, and the high cost of noble metal platinum (Pt) based catalysts. One approach to enhance catalytic activity and to reduce the cost is to explore novel carbon materials as catalyst supports. In this work, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and graphene-supported Pt and Pt-Ru catalysts were synthesized by an ethylene glycol (EG) reduction method. Comparative electrochemical measurements of different carbon structure-supported catalysts were conducted using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry techniques. Experimental results show that SWCNT-supported Pt and Pt-Ru catalysts have a higher catalytic activity and lower charge transfer resistance towards methanol and ethanol oxidation in comparison to MWCNT-supported catalysts. The electrocatalytic activities of graphene-supported catalysts were compared with commercial Vulcan XC-72 carbon black-supported catalysts and graphite supported catalysts. Experimental results suggest that graphene-supported Pt and Pt-Ru nanoparticles possess superior electrocatalytic activity than carbon black and graphite supports.
Calorimetry and Thermal Methods in Catalysis
Title | Calorimetry and Thermal Methods in Catalysis PDF eBook |
Author | Aline Auroux |
Publisher | Springer Science & Business Media |
Pages | 569 |
Release | 2013-09-18 |
Genre | Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | 3642119549 |
The book is about calorimetry and thermal analysis methods, alone or linked to other techniques, as applied to the characterization of catalysts, supports and adsorbents, and to the study of catalytic reactions in various domains: air and wastewater treatment, clean and renewable energies, refining of hydrocarbons, green chemistry, hydrogen production and storage. The book is intended to fill the gap between the basic thermodynamic and kinetics concepts acquired by students during their academic formation, and the use of experimental techniques such as thermal analysis and calorimetry to answer practical questions. Moreover, it supplies insights into the various thermal and calorimetric methods which can be employed in studies aimed at characterizing the physico-chemical properties of solid adsorbents, supports and catalysts, and the processes related to the adsorption desorption phenomena of the reactants and/or products of catalytic reactions. The book also covers the basic concepts for physico-chemical comprehension of the relevant phenomena. Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the catalytic reactions can be fruitfully investigated by means of thermal analysis and calorimetric methods, in order to better understand the sequence of the elemental steps in the catalysed reaction. So the fundamental theory behind the various thermal analysis and calorimetric techniques and methods also are illustrated.
Catalysts for Alcohol-fuelled Direct Oxidation Fuel Cells
Title | Catalysts for Alcohol-fuelled Direct Oxidation Fuel Cells PDF eBook |
Author | Zhen-Xing Liang |
Publisher | Royal Society of Chemistry |
Pages | 265 |
Release | 2012 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 1849734054 |
This book presents a state-of-the-art review on recent advances in nanocatalysts and electrocatalysis in DOFCs.
Catalytic Steam Reforming of Methanol to Produce Hydrogen on Supported Metal Catalysts
Title | Catalytic Steam Reforming of Methanol to Produce Hydrogen on Supported Metal Catalysts PDF eBook |
Author | Raúl Pérez-Hernández |
Publisher | |
Pages | |
Release | 2012 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN |
Catalytic Steam Reforming of Methanol to Produce Hydrogen on Supported Metal Catalysts.
Metal Nanoparticles for Catalysis
Title | Metal Nanoparticles for Catalysis PDF eBook |
Author | Franklin Tao |
Publisher | Royal Society of Chemistry |
Pages | 285 |
Release | 2014-06-12 |
Genre | Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | 1782621032 |
Catalysis is a central topic in chemical transformation and energy conversion. Thanks to the spectacular achievements of colloidal chemistry and the synthesis of nanomaterials over the last two decades, there have also been significant advances in nanoparticle catalysis. Catalysis on different metal nanostructures with well-defined structures and composition has been extensively studied. Metal nanocrystals synthesized with colloidal chemistry exhibit different catalytic performances in contrast to metal nanoparticles prepared with impregnation or deposition precipitation. Additionally, theoretical approaches in predicting catalysis performance and understanding catalytic mechanism on these metal nanocatalysts have made significant progress. Metal Nanoparticles for Catalysis is a comprehensive text on catalysis on Nanoparticles, looking at both their synthesis and applications. Chapter topics include nanoreactor catalysis; Pd nanoparticles in C-C coupling reactions; metal salt-based gold nanocatalysts; theoretical insights into metal nanocatalysts; and nanoparticle mediated clock reaction. This book bridges the gap between nanomaterials synthesis and characterization, and catalysis. As such, this text will be a valuable resource for postgraduate students and researchers in these exciting fields.