Brain imaging brings together the technology, methodology, research questions and approaches of a wide range of scientific fields including physics, statistics, computer science, neuroscience, biology, and engineering. Thus, methodological and technological advances that enable us to obtain measurements, examine relationships across observations, and link these data to neuroscientific hypotheses happen in a highly interdisciplinary environment. The dynamic field of machine learning with its modern approach to data mining provides many relevant approaches for neuroscience and enables the exploration of open questions. This state-of-the-art survey offers a collection of papers from the Workshop on Machine Learning and Interpretation in Neuroimaging, MLINI 2011, held at the 25th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing, NIPS 2011, in the Sierra Nevada, Spain, in December 2011. Additionally, invited speakers agreed to contribute reviews on various aspects of the field, adding breadth and perspective to the volume. The 32 revised papers were carefully selected from 48 submissions. At the interface between machine learning and neuroimaging the papers aim at shedding some light on the state of the art in this interdisciplinary field. They are organized in topical sections on coding and decoding, neuroscience, dynamcis, connectivity, and probabilistic models and machine learning.

This book constitutes the revised selected papers from the 4th International Workshop on Machine Learning and Interpretation in Neuroimaging, MLINI 2014, held in Montreal, QC, Canada, in December 2014 as a satellite event of the 11th annual conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NIPS 2014. The 10 MLINI 2014 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 17 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: networks and decoding; speech; clinics and cognition; and causality and time-series. In addition, the book contains the 3 best papers presented at MLINI 2013.

This issue of Neuroimaging Clinics of North America focuses on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning and is edited by Dr. Reza Forghani. Articles will include: A Brief History of Artificial Intelligence; Evolution of Approaches for Computerized Image Analysis; Overview of Machine Learning Part 1: Classic Approaches; Overview of Machine Learning Part 2: Artificial Neural Networks & Deep Learning; Overview of Natural Language Processing; Artificial Intelligence & Stroke Imaging: An East Coast Perspective; Artificial Intelligence & Stroke Imaging: A West Coast Perspective; Artificial Intelligence Applications for Brain Tumor Imaging; Diverse Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Neuroradiology; Artificial Intelligence Applications for Head and Neck Imaging; Artificial Intelligence Applications for Predictive Analytics and Workflow Optimization; Artificial Intelligence, Advanced Visualization, and 3D Printing; Ethical & Legal Considerations for Artificial Intelligence; Comprehensive (or 360) Artificial Intelligence: Beyond Image Interpretation Alone, and more!

This book constitutes the refereed joint proceedings of the First International Workshop on Machine Learning in Clinical Neuroimaging, MLCN 2018, the First International Workshop on Deep Learning Fails, DLF 2018, and the First International Workshop on Interpretability of Machine Intelligence in Medical Image Computing, iMIMIC 2018, held in conjunction with the 21st International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2018, in Granada, Spain, in September 2018. The 4 full MLCN papers, the 6 full DLF papers, and the 6 full iMIMIC papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected. The MLCN contributions develop state-of-the-art machine learning methods such as spatio-temporal Gaussian process analysis, stochastic variational inference, and deep learning for applications in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and multi-site neuroimaging data analysis; the DLF papers evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of DL and identify the main challenges in the current state of the art and future directions; the iMIMIC papers cover a large range of topics in the field of interpretability of machine learning in the context of medical image analysis.

Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have become essential tools in healthcare. They are capable of processing enormous amounts of data to find patterns and are also adopted into methods that manage and make sense of healthcare data, either electronic healthcare records or medical imagery. This book explores how ML/DL can assist neurologists in identifying, classifying or predicting neurological problems that require neuroimaging. With the ability to model high-dimensional datasets, supervised learning algorithms can help in relating brain images to behavioral or clinical observations and unsupervised learning can uncover hidden structures/patterns in images. Bringing together artificial intelligence (AI) experts as well as medical practitioners, these chapters cover the majority of neuro problems that use neuroimaging for diagnosis, along with case studies and directions for future research.

This issue of Neuroimaging Clinics of North America focuses on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning and is edited by Dr. Reza Forghani. Articles will include: A Brief History of Artificial Intelligence; Evolution of Approaches for Computerized Image Analysis; Overview of Machine Learning Part 1: Classic Approaches; Overview of Machine Learning Part 2: Artificial Neural Networks & Deep Learning; Overview of Natural Language Processing; Artificial Intelligence & Stroke Imaging: An East Coast Perspective; Artificial Intelligence & Stroke Imaging: A West Coast Perspective; Artificial Intelligence Applications for Brain Tumor Imaging; Diverse Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Neuroradiology; Artificial Intelligence Applications for Head and Neck Imaging; Artificial Intelligence Applications for Predictive Analytics and Workflow Optimization; Artificial Intelligence, Advanced Visualization, and 3D Printing; Ethical & Legal Considerations for Artificial Intelligence; Comprehensive (or 360) Artificial Intelligence: Beyond Image Interpretation Alone, and more!

Handbook of Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention presents important advanced methods and state-of-the art research in medical image computing and computer assisted intervention, providing a comprehensive reference on current technical approaches and solutions, while also offering proven algorithms for a variety of essential medical imaging applications. This book is written primarily for university researchers, graduate students and professional practitioners (assuming an elementary level of linear algebra, probability and statistics, and signal processing) working on medical image computing and computer assisted intervention. Presents the key research challenges in medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention Written by leading authorities of the Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) Society Contains state-of-the-art technical approaches to key challenges Demonstrates proven algorithms for a whole range of essential medical imaging applications Includes source codes for use in a plug-and-play manner Embraces future directions in the fields of medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention