Ponnuchami, a native of Sivakasi in Tamil Nadu, sets up a start-up with his two best friends – Ashish and Pinki. But he dies in an accident and lands in the Purgatory where some souls get purified before going to heaven. He gets restless after he finds that Ashish conspired to kill him. He gets 13 days to visit the world and revenge, the only way to purify the soul. He also gets an opportunity to spend some quality time with his love Pinki. Will he be successful in his mission? This fantasy-thriller, first of the kind on souls from the purgatory, unravels actions from October 25 to November 15, 2019, covering his time in the purgatory (Salvation Retreat, Halloween day visit, All Saints Day, All Souls Day) and the actual revenge in the world.

Saharan trade has been much debated in modern times, but the main focus of interest remains the medieval and early modern periods, for which more abundant written sources survive. The pre-Islamic origins of Trans-Saharan trade have been hotly contested over the years, mainly due to a lack of evidence. Many of the key commodities of trade are largely invisible archaeologically, being either of high value like gold and ivory, or organic like slaves and textiles or consumable commodities like salt. However, new research on the Libyan people known as the Garamantes and on their trading partners in the Sudan and Mediterranean Africa requires us to revise our views substantially. In this volume experts re-assess the evidence for a range of goods, including beads, textiles, metalwork and glass, and use it to paint a much more dynamic picture, demonstrating that the pre-Islamic Sahara was a more connected region than previously thought.

This collection of essays by leading academics offers an alternative approach to the study of today's Arab states by focusing on their participation in neo-liberal globalization rather than on authoritarianism or Islam.

The Historical Atlas of the Persian Gulf is a joint initiative of the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes in Paris, the University of Tehran, and the Documentation Centre of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iran. The aim of this trilingual (French, English and Persian) publication is to trace the evolution of the cartographical representations of the Gulf between 1500 and 1750. About a hundred printed and manuscript maps from libraries and archives all over Europe, the United States and Iran have been gathered, some of them being published for the first time. The maps and charts are presented in five sections dedicated to Portuguese, Dutch, French, English and German cartography. Each item is published with enlarged detail reproductions showing the Gulf, and accompanied by brief commentaries as well as transcriptions of the place names and legends. The authors make numerous suggestions as to how the maps and charts developed in the context of international scientific exchange during the Early Modern age. Hence, the Atlas shows new perspectives on the genealogy of Gulf maps and provides an excellent working tool for future research on the cartography and the history of one of the Worlds great strategic areas.