Lubricating Grease (Or Grease, To Use A Short Name), Leaving Aside Synthetic Grease For The Moment, Is Arguably Amongst The Highest Value Added Petroleum Products. Lubricating Greases Play Very Crucial Role In The Performance Of Automobiles, Industrial Machinery And Appliances Which Almost Every One Of Us Use, Rely Upon Or Work With Everyday. Lubricating Greases Account For About 5% Of The Global Consumption Of The Lubricants, Which In Turn Account For About 1% Of All Petroleum Products. Thus, In Volume Terms, Lubricating Greases Constitute A Relatively Small, Specialized Industry. Nonetheless, The Importance Of Lubricating Greases Can Not Be Overemphasized. The World Would Quite Literally Grind To A Halt Without Lubricating Greases.There Are Not Many Books On Lubricating Greases. Even The Very Few Books That Are Available In English Language, Largely Encapsulate The Work And Knowledge Developed In North America And West Europe. Significant Scientific And Technological Advancements Were Achieved In The Erstwhile East Bloc Countries During The Second Half Of The 20Th Century. However, It Is Only Over The Last Two Decades That Those Outside The Erstwhile East Bloc Have Been Getting Glimpses Of The Prolific Work Done By Scientists And Technologists In That Part Of The World. This Book Endeavours To Further This Process In A Small Way.

The petroleum waxes are semi refined or fully refined products obtained during the processing of crude oil. According to their structure they are divided into macrocrystalline waxes (paraffin waxes) and microcrystalline waxes (ceresine, petrolatum, others). Grease, thick, oily lubricant consisting of inedible lard, the rendered fat of waste animal parts, or a petroleum-derived or synthetic oil containing a thickening agent. Greases of mineral or synthetic origin consist of a thickening agent dispersed in a liquid lubricant such as petroleum oil or a synthetic fluid. Diesel fuel, also called diesel oil, combustible liquid used as fuel for diesel engines, ordinarily obtained from fractions of crude oil that are less volatile than the fractions used in gasoline. Lubricating oil, sometimes simply called lubricant/lube, is a class of oils used to reduce the friction, heat, and wear between mechanical components that are in contact with each other. Lubricating oil is used in motorized vehicles, where it is known specifically as motor oil and transmission fluid. The global wax market was valued at around USD 9 billion in 2017 and is expected to reach approximately USD 12 billion in 2024, growing at a CAGR of slightly above 3.5% between 2018 and 2024.The India lubricant market is expected to register a CAGR of 4.64%, during the forecast period, 2018-2023. The major factors driving the growth of the market are the increasing vehicular production along with the growing industrial sector. The global market for lubricants is expected to reach USD 70.32 billion by 2020. The global grease market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 2.13% during the forecast period, 2018 - 2023.Aviation fuel market size will grow by over USD 34 billion during 2018-2022 Some of the fundamentals of the book are composition of the petroleum waxes, solvent extraction, greases and solid lubricants, solid fuels, other significant tests or properties, gaseous fuels, properties of waxes, gasoline, diesel fuel oils, automotive, diesel and aviation fuels, special processes for motor-fuel blending components, crude distillation, lubricating oils, lubricating greases, nature of lubricating oils, photographs of machinery with suppliers contact details A total guide to manufacturing and entrepreneurial success in one of todayÕs most lucrative petroleum industry. This book is one-stop guide to one of the fastest growing sectors of the petroleum industry, where opportunities abound for manufacturers, retailers, and entrepreneurs. This is the only complete handbook on the commercial production of petroleum products. It serves up a feast of how-to information, from concept to purchasing equipment.

Praise for the previous edition: "Contains something for everyone involved in lubricant technology." —Chemistry & Industry This completely revised third edition incorporates the latest data available and reflects the knowledge of one of the largest companies active in the business. The authors take into account the interdisciplinary character of the field, considering aspects of engineering, materials science, chemistry, health and safety. The result is a volume providing chemists and engineers with a clear interdisciplinary introduction and guide to all major lubricant applications, focusing not only on the various products but also on specific application engineering criteria. A classic reference work, completely revised and updated (approximately 35% new material) focusing on sustainability and the latest developments, technologies and processes of this multi billion dollar business Provides chemists and engineers with a clear interdisciplinary introduction and guide to all major lubricant applications, looking not only at the various products but also at specific application engineering criteria All chapters are updated in terms of environmental and operational safety. New guidelines, such as REACH, recycling alternatives and biodegradable base oils are introduced Discusses the integration of micro- and nano-tribology and lubrication systems Reflects the knowledge of Fuchs Petrolub SE, one of the largest companies active in the lubrication business 2 Volumes wileyonlinelibrary.com/ref/lubricants

The definitive book on the science of grease lubrication for roller and needle bearings in industrial and vehicle engineering. Grease Lubrication in Rolling Bearings provides an overview of the existing knowledge on the various aspects of grease lubrication (including lubrication systems) and the state of the art models that exist today. The book reviews the physical and chemical aspects of grease lubrication, primarily directed towards lubrication of rolling bearings. The first part of the book covers grease composition, properties and rheology, including thermal and dynamics properties. Later chapters cover the dynamics of greased bearings, including grease life, bearing life, reliability and testing. The final chapter covers lubrications systems – the systems that deliver grease to the components requiring lubrication. Grease Lubrication in Rolling Bearings: Describes the underlying physical and chemical properties of grease. Discusses the effect of load, speed, temperature, bearing geometry, bearing materials and grease type on bearing wear. Covers both bearing and grease performance, including thermo-mechanical ageing and testing methodologies. It is intended for researchers and engineers in the petro-chemical and bearing industry, industries related to this (e.g. wind turbine industry, automotive industry) and for application engineers. It will also be of interest for teaching in post-graduate courses.

DEVELOPMENTS IN LUBRICANT TECHNOLOGY Examines all stages of Lubricant formulations, production and applications Developments in Lubricant Technology describes the basics of Lubricant formulations and their application in variety of equipment and engines. Divided into twenty chapters, this book provides an introduction to lubricant technology for users, young scientists and engineers desirous of understanding this subject. The book covers all major classes of lubricants including base oils (mineral, chemically modified and synthetic), followed by the description of chemical- additives and their evaluation. A brief chapter on the friction-wear and lubrication has been provided to understand the behaviour of lubricants in equipment. Major industrial oils such as turbine, hydraulic, gear, compressor and metal working fluids have been described. Automotive engine, gear and transmission oils for passenger cars, commercial vehicles, rail-road, marine, natural gas engines and 2T, 4T small engines have been discussed at length with latest specifications and global trends. Various synthetic oils and environmentally friendly products have also been described in the relevant chapters to understand the critical applications of such products in modern equipment and engines. Finally lubricants blending technology, quality control, their storage, handling, re-refining and condition monitoring in equipment have been discussed along with the typical lubricant tests and their significance.

Lubricants, greases and petrochemicals are most versatile on the Industrial Plateau now a day. The significance of Lubricants, Greases and specialty products in the day to day functioning of nearly every machine part, instrument, appliance & device cannot be over emphasized lubricants reduce friction & wear between rubbing parts, thereby enhancing their life. A lubricant is a substance introduced to reduce friction between moving surfaces. It may also have the function of transporting foreign particles. The property of reducing friction is known as lubricity. The broad types of lubricating oils are as under; crankcase oils, gear oils, metal working oils, metal drawing oils, spindle and other textile oils, steam turbine oils. Synthetic lubricants have a higher viscosity index, but are less stable to oxidation. They are suitable for high temperature applications. In the modern industrial year, greases have been increasingly employed to cope with a variety of difficult lubrication problems, particularly those where the liquid lubricant is not feasible. Greases are essentially solid or semi solid lubricants consisting of gelling or thickening agent in a liquid lubricant. Greases and lubricants are one of the important products derived from crude petroleum. Petroleum is formed by hydrocarbons (a hydrocarbon is a compound made up of carbon and hydrogen) with the addition of certain other substances, primarily sulphur. Petroleum in its natural form when first collected is usually named crude oil, and can be clear, green or black and may be either thin like gasoline or thick like tar. The principal product of petroleum refining are motor gasoline, aviation gasoline, kerosene, jet fuels, diesel fuels, lubricating oils and fuel oils. Considerable quantities of petroleum wax, bitumen, liquid petroleum gases (LPG), industrial naphtha and coke are also produced. Petrochemicals are chemicals made from petroleum (crude oil) and natural gas. Petroleum and natural gas are made up of hydrocarbon molecules, which are comprised of one or more carbon atoms, to which hydrogen atoms are attached. The Indian lubricants industry claims to be the sixth largest in the world. The petrochemical industry in India has been one of the fastest growing industries in the country. This industry also has immense importance in the growth of economy of the country and the growth and development of manufacturing industry as well. Some of the fundamentals of the book are types of lubricating oils, crankcase oils, gear oils, metal working oils, metal drawing oils, spindle and other textile oils, steam turbine oils, synthetic lubricants, formulations and com pounding of lubricants, additives for straight mineral oil gear lubricants, raw materials for lubricants, equipments for lubricants manufacture, reclamation of used lubricating oil, nature of contaminants in used lubricating oil, gravity methods of purification, metal forming and deforming lubricant, cutting oils, heat treatment oils, greases, sodium soap greases, lithium soap greases, aluminium soap greases, mixed soap greases, complex soap greases etc. The objective of this book is to furnish comprehensive information about nearly all prominent types of lubricants, greases and petrochemicals. This book covers formulae, processes of various petroleum items. This book is an invaluable resource for entrepreneurs, existing units, professionals, institutions etc.