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"This translation, titled The Substance and the Shadow, also brings to the foreground the effects of a burgeoning capitalist economy on the artistic practices of the period. With changes in the Salon and the dealer system, art in France was no longer reserved for the privileged few, and artists increasingly found themselves attempting to appeal to the merchant classes. Art had become a commercial endeavor in ways never before imagined, and the story details Rambert's - and, by extension, Cezanne's - attempts to cope with the shift." "In an introductory essay, Paul Smith discusses the nature of the roman a clef and its use as a historical document, and provides an examination of the relationship between Roux's characters and their real-life counterparts."--BOOK JACKET.

This book describes the challenge to traditional Christian beliefs that was inherent in the very concept of literary Realism and presents the Catholic novel as a series of conscious readaptations of Realist techniques and models. Authors studied include Flaubert, Bernanos and Mauriac.