This book focuses on achieving a better understanding of the implications of international migration for national development from the perspective of the sending countries (with an emphasis on sub-Saharan Africa). More specifically, the purpose of this volume is to explore (1) current perceptions - as seen from the perspective of the countries of origin - of the links between international migration and national development, and (2) current trends in policy making aimed at minimising the negative effects, while optimising the development impact. What are the dominant views and policy initiatives in the different countries of sub-Saharan Africa? It is concerned with the question of how a coherent international migration policy can contribute to the fight against poverty. In the book, update information is given of migration-development nexus in various countries, including Senegal and Burkina Faso, Botswana and Mozambique, Nigeria and Kenya . Attention is additionally paid to Mexico, the Philippines and the People's Republic of China.

Africans arriving by rickety fishing boats to the Canary Islands is an example of the dark side of migration in human trafficking, but the picture of a continent on the move also includes highly skilled professionals from Nigeria and Ghana who seek employment in universities and other professions in South Africa. On the positive side, migrant remittances are a major source of income in many sub-Saharan African countries, helping to sustain the lives of poor home communities. A major challenge now facing sub-Saharan Africa is how to attract

Fifteen chapters are included here in this compendium in honour of the Nigerian migration scholar Professor Aderanti Adepoju. Though the authors come from diverse disciplinary backgrounds: geography, demography, sociology and law they all work within the fields of internal and international migration in Africa. Chapters on Uganda, Kenya, Botswana, Nigeria and Mali are devoted to aspects of internal migration, while those on African emigration to Mexico and migration between Burkina Faso and Côte d'Ivoire address various aspects of international migration. Migration issues in relation to women, students and climate change are also discussed.

3. Investing in people.

Sustained development requires efficient use of resources and equitable distribution of national income. Investment in human capital must be systematically organized in relation to other investments. Specifically, attrition in primary school is high, and the education does not respond sufficiently to labor market requirements, nor engender self-employment opportunities. Inadequate agricultural production, nutrition, health care, poor female education, and excessive population growth are major obstacles to human development and economic growth. A dynamic growth model tested for the contribution of investments in human and physical capital, and other economic factors to economic growth. The stabilization of population growth was considered. Indeterminacy of human capital investment to economic growth was ascertained. Investment in human capital may promote labor productivity growth, may result in detrimental trade-off with growth, or under certain conditions may have no relationship with economic growth. Population growth was associated with reduced investment in higher education, resulting in indeterminacy of its contribution to economic growth. Raising the incremental capital in managerial and technical higher education, and in equitable redistribution of this capital will create productive disequilibria. The educational system must also focus on population and nutrition.