We present to our readers the 36th volume of the International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa. This volume contains articles describing the results of engineering research and technical solutions in the fields of the applied mechanics, research of materials and processing technologies in the mechanical engineering, construction materials, optimization of reactive power dispatch, technological processes in the chemical and food production, environmental engineering and engineering management. The articles will be useful for the professionals concerned with mechanical engineering, materials science, chemical engineering, power production and engineering management as well as for academic teachers and students majoring in these fields of engineering science.

We are glad to provide our readers with the 43rd volume of International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa. This volume contains articles describing the research results in the fields of materials science, mechanical engineering and control, communication and power supply in communication, construction materials and technologies, water treatment and biodiesel production, industrial engineering. The articles will be useful for many engineers as well as for academic teachers and students majoring in these fields of engineering science.

In this volume of "International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa" are included peer-reviewed manuscripts reflecting the research results in materials processing and corrosion protection, fluid mechanics, power engineering, microgrid, and power electronics, wastewater and water treatment, irrigation, building materials, and system for the automation product design. The presented scientific articles can be appreciated by the majority of engineers, academic teachers, and students majoring in the fields of engineering science.

Wetlands provide a key service in an ecosystem such as providing resilience against drought and diverse habitats that support biodiversity. Because of their ephemeral character and their small size, however, these vulnerable ecosystems are declining rapidly as climate change continues to surge and human activities expand. Rational management of wet ecosystems need accompanying actions covering research, systematic observation, and more. Climatic and Environmental Significance of Wetlands: Case Studies from Eurasia and North Africa produces innovative concepts, methodologies, tools, and applications for ecosystem service valuation, wetland biodiversity conservation, fresh water supply, agricultural production, food security, wetland management, and its impact on biodiversity. It assesses the cumulative risk posed to wetland habitats and species by human activities and explores the consequences for the delivery of ecosystem services and biodiversity at local, regional, and global scales, as well as the impacts of climate change on wetland ecosystems and water resources. Covering topics such as geochemistry, invasive species, and sedimentary change, this premier reference source is an indispensable resource for government officials, engineers, environmental managers, environmentalists, students and educators of higher education, researchers, and academicians.

This new conference series aims at presenting state-of-the-art research in the development of offshore energy machines and devices. Topics covered include: Present and future offshore wind and wave devices; innovations in modelling, design, control, operation and testing of offshore energy machines, and the impact of these devices on the marine environment. Keywords: Oscillating Water Column, Monitoring of Wind Turbines, Coriolis Effect, Internal Ocean Waves, Rapid Distortion Theory, Modelling of Ocean Wave Energy Converters, Pendulum-Type Vibration, Wind Turbine Fault Prediction, Short-Term Wind Power Forecasting, Floating Tidal Energy Conversion, Antarctic Circumpolar Current, Shallow Water Large Scale Modelling.

This book presents a novel framework design for the next generation Marine Wireless Communication Networks (MWCNs). The authors first provide an overview of MWCNs, followed by a discussion of challenges in the design and development of MWCNs in support of a diversity of marine services such as real-time marine monitoring, offshore oil exploration, drilling, marine tourism and fishing. The authors then propose cross layer networking solutions to achieve a high performance modern MWCN that enables efficient and reliable data transmissions under hostile marine environment, which include the network deployment, the physical layer channel coding, intelligent network access and resource management, and learning-based opportunistic routing. Finally, the authors summarize the book and present some open issues that will lead to new research directions in the next generation MWCNs.

Thermodynamics is a common field of study involving many different specialties including physics, chemistry, geology, and cosmology. Thermodynamics is incredibly useful for manmade industrial processes related to material studies, renewable energy, and more. It is essential for professionals to stay current with the developments in thermodynamic systems, as thermodynamics proves vital for understanding natural macroprocesses related to geology, areology, and cosmology. Advances in the Modelling of Thermodynamic Systems discusses the recent advances in modeling of thermodynamic systems as well as the state-of-the-art manmade industrial processes and natural processes taking place on Earth and beyond. It reveals an interdisciplinary vision of thermodynamics from the minuscule to the immense. Covering topics such as entropy generation, linear modeling, and statistical analysis, this premier reference source is an essential resource for engineers, chemists, physicists, mechanics, geologists, cosmologists, students and educators of higher education, libraries, researchers, and academicians.