The book describes the difficulties of the current international corporate income tax system. It starts by describing its origins and how changes, such as the development of multinational enterprises and digitalization have created fundamental problems, not foreseen at its inception. These include tax competition—as governments try to attract tax bases through low tax rates or incentives, and profit shifting, as companies avoid tax by reporting profits in jurisdictions with lower tax rates. The book then discusses solutions, including both evolutionary changes to the current system and fundamental reform options. It covers both reform efforts already under way, for example under the Inclusive Framework at the OECD, and potential radical reform ideas developed by academics.

In an age when cross-border business transactions are increasingly effected without the transference of physical products, revenue concerns of states have led to a multitude of tax disputes based on the concept of ‘nexus’. This important and timely book is the most authoritative to date to discuss one of the major tax topics of our time – the question of how taxing rights on income generated from cross-border activities in the digital age should be allocated among jurisdictions. Demonstrating in prodigious depth that it is the economic nexus of the tax entity or activity with the state, and not the physical nexus, which meets the jurisdictional requirement, the author – a leading authority on this area who is a Senior Commissioner of Income Tax and a Member of the Dispute Resolution Panel of the Government of India – addresses such dimensions of the subject as the following: whether a strict territorial nexus as a normative principle is ingrained in source rule jurisprudence; detailed scrutiny of such classical doctrines as benefit theory, neutrality theory, and internation equity; comparative critique of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and United Nation (UN) model tax treaties; whether international law and customary principles mandate a strict territorial link with the source state for the assumption of tax jurisdiction; whether the economic nexus-based tax jurisdiction and absence of a physical presence breach the constitutional doctrine of extraterritoriality or due process; and whether retrospective tax legislation breaches the principle of constitutional fairness. The book offers a politically informed analysis of the nexus principle and balances the dynamics of physical presence and economic nexus standards, based on an in-depth survey of the historical evolution of judicial pronouncements and international practices in this regard. Dr Singh’s book exposes an urgently needed missing link in the international source rule literature and takes a giant step towards solving the thorny question of appropriate tax apportionment. It sheds brilliant light on the policies states may adopt when signing new tax treaties, so that unintended results may be foreseen and avoided. Tax practitioners, taxation authorities, and academic researchers in the field of international tax law and policy will greatly appreciate the book’s forthright enhancement of the ability to defend challenges based on the nexus doctrine.

Compiled by a team of distinguished law professors, the 2008-2009 edition of INTERNATIONAL INCOME TAXATION: Code and Regulations--Selected Sections serves both students and practitioners in accessing the laws and regulations for U.S. international tax. For students, the INTERNATIONAL INCOME TAXATION: Code and Regulations--Selected Sections is a popular companion to an international tax coursebook for use in undergraduate or graduate courses in law and business schools. For practitioners, the book is an exclusive convenient desk reference. Unlike the full multi-volume Internal Revenue Code and Income Tax Regulations, this single-volume reference travels well between home and office -- and between classroom and dorm. The book features a reader-friendly large 7-1/4 x 10 format with new larger type fonts for enhanced readability.

Compiled by a team of distinguished law professors, the 2005-2006 edition of INTERNATIONAL INCOME TAXATION: Code and Regulations - Selected Sections serves both students and practitioners in this critical year when radical U.S. international tax changes that passed late in 2004 are coming into focus. This edition reflects all legislation and regulations enacted or adopted on or before June 1, 2005 including the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 and other significant developments that took place throughout the year. In this comprehensive and easy-to-use volume, Professors Richard C. Pugh, Charles H. Gustafson, and Robert J. Peroni have selected provisions of the Internal Revenue Code and Income Tax Regulations directly related to the U.S. taxation of foreign entities and the U.S. taxation of domestic entities that have income from sources outside the country. Code and Regulations sections included are those deemed to be essential to International Tax teachers, students and practitioners. For students, the INTERNATIONAL INCOME TAXATION: Code and Regulations - Selected Sections is a popular companion to an international tax course book for use in undergraduate or graduate courses in law and business schools. For practitioners, the book is a convenient desk reference. Unlike the full multi-volume Internal Revenue Code and Income Tax Regulations, this single-volume reference travels well between home and office - and between classroom and dorm.

The new edition of this well-known reference work for the tax community provides an introduction to the application of the United States (US) international taxation system to taxpayers investing or transacting business in the US and other countries. In a relatively brief and manageable form, it sets forth the principles adopted by the US in taxing US or foreign individuals and corporations as they invest, work, or carry on a trade or business in the US or abroad. The presentation focuses on the following aspects of the subject matter: general aspects of the corporation income tax, the individual income tax, the tax treatment of partnerships, trusts, and accounting aspects; the basic jurisdictional principles adopted by the US with respect to application of its income tax to international investment and business transactions; the US rules for taxing foreign corporations, foreign partnerships, foreign trusts, and nonresident aliens on their business and investment income derived from US sources; the basic mechanism adopted by the US to alleviate international double taxation on foreign source income derived by US persons; the income tax treatment of foreign corporations controlled by US shareholders, including the new GILTI minimum tax and exempt dividend rules; the special treatment under FDII of a US corporation’s export of goods, services and intangible rights; the general intercompany pricing rules and special transfer pricing rules applicable to particular transactions; rules for the treatment of transactions involving currencies other than the US dollar; situations in which US income tax treaty provisions modify the basic rules; and the wealth transfer tax system, including modifications made by estate and gift tax treaties. Throughout the discussion, the authors incorporate references not only to the Internal Revenue Code provisions under discussion but also to relevant Treasury Regulations and other administrative material and to important cases that have arisen. For non-US tax practitioners, tax professors and students both within and outside the US, and others seeking a structural framework within which a US tax problem can be placed, Introduction to United States International Taxation offers the ideal reference source.